January 03

Victor Kraft (1880–1975) was an influential Austrian philosopher and a key member of the Vienna Circle, a group dedicated to the development of logical positivism. A student of Moritz Schlick, Kraft examined the foundations of scientific knowledge and emphasized the role of empirical evidence in philosophy. His writings explored the formal structure of scientific theories and the logic underlying social sciences. After emigrating to England before World War II, he continued teaching and publishing, shaping the course of analytic philosophy. Kraft’s rigorous approach and clear prose left a lasting impact on twentieth-century philosophical thought.

Mary Daly (1928–2010) was a pioneering American theologian, philosopher, and academic activist known for her groundbreaking work in feminist theology. A professor at Boston College until 1999, she authored influential books such as Beyond God the Father and Gyn/Ecology, critiquing patriarchal structures within Christianity. Daly’s scholarship combined critique with visionary calls for a new, inclusive spirituality. Her work inspired generations of theologians and women’s rights activists worldwide. After leaving institutional academia, she continued teaching and lecturing at independent women’s centers. Daly’s legacy is marked by her fearless intellectual rigor and commitment to social justice. She died in January 2010, leaving a profound impact on theology and feminist thought.