January 26

On January 26, 1905, workers at the Premier Mine in South Africa unearthed the Cullinan, the world's largest gem-quality diamond, weighing 3,106.75 carats (over 621 grams). Named after the mine's chairman, Sir Thomas Cullinan, the extraordinary crystal dazzled experts with its clarity and size. Later cut into several polished gems, the largest of which, the Cullinan I, became part of the British Crown Jewels. The discovery cemented South Africa's reputation as a premier source of gemstones and transformed the global diamond industry. To this day, the Cullinan remains a symbol of natural wonder and human craftsmanship in gem cutting.

Chain Island, located in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta, was listed for sale on January 26, 1959, by the California State Lands Commission. The 17-hectare plot, once part of a thriving delta ecosystem, attracted interest from farmers, developers, and conservationists. The minimum bid of $5,226 reflected both its agricultural potential and unique position in state land management. At the time, the sale highlighted California's efforts to monetize unused public lands and boost state revenue. Despite its modest price, prospective buyers had to consider the island's flood risk and logistical challenges. Over the following years, Chain Island changed hands multiple times, drawing debate over land use and environmental protection. The sale of this rural parcel remains a curious footnote in California's land disposal history.