February 23

This day honors Saint Polycarp, an early Christian bishop and martyr, alongside Serenus the Gardener, reflecting deep roots in Orthodox tradition. Special hymns and liturgical readings recount their lives and sacrifices for faith. Orthodox communities attend divine services, offering prayers and chanting Psalms. Icons of the saints are venerated and processions may occur in some regions. The commemoration underscores themes of steadfast faith and witness. Clergy often preach on the virtues exemplified by these saints, inspiring the faithful to live with courage and devotion.

Emperor Naruhito’s birthday on February 23 is a major public holiday in Japan, marked by royal ceremonies at the Imperial Palace. Thousands gather to offer congratulations and hear the Emperor’s address from the palace balcony. Traditional music, decorations, and national flags create a festive atmosphere nationwide. The day highlights Japan’s imperial heritage and unity under the Chrysanthemum Throne. Schools and offices close, allowing citizens to participate in commemorations and cultural events. The holiday also prompts reflections on the Emperor’s role in modern Japanese society.

Mashramani, derived from an Amerindian word meaning celebration, marks Guyana’s transition to a republic on February 23, 1970. Colorful parades featuring music, dance, and elaborate costumes sweep Georgetown and other cities. Festive foods and rum shops open nationwide as people revel in national pride. Cultural competitions showcase local traditions, calypso music, and folk art. Schools host concerts and sporting events, engaging students in patriotic activities. The holiday fosters unity and reflects Guyana’s diverse heritage and forward-looking spirit.

On February 23, Brunei celebrates its National Day, marking sovereignty achieved in 1984. The Sultan leads a grand military parade in the capital, with colorful displays of national military and police forces. Streets are adorned with the national flag and patriotic banners. Fireworks illuminate the night sky in Bandar Seri Begawan, while cultural performances highlight Malay heritage. Citizens participate in community gatherings and charity events. National Day underscores Brunei’s unity, prosperity, and commitment to its religious and cultural values.

Established on February 23, 1918 to commemorate the founding of the Red Army, this holiday evolved into Defender of the Fatherland Day in Russia. It honors military personnel and veterans with parades, wreath-laying ceremonies at war memorials, and concerts. In Belarus and Tajikistan, similar Armed Forces Day events include military reviews and public festivities. The day highlights national defense achievements and pays tribute to those who served. Families celebrate with veterans, while state leaders deliver speeches on patriotism and duty.

Saint Polycarp, a disciple of the Apostle John, is commemorated for his leadership in Asia Minor and his martyrdom by fire around 155 AD. Known for his pastoral letters and defense of orthodoxy, he shaped early Christian theology. Churches hold special services, reading his letter to the Philippians and honoring his steadfast faith. Iconography often depicts Polycarp with a flame, symbolizing his martyrdom. The day encourages reflection on faithfulness under persecution and the continuity of apostolic tradition.

Saint Serenus, known as ‘the Gardener’, lived as a humble worker and was martyred for his faith. Eastern Orthodox liturgies celebrate his life on February 23 with hymns and psalms highlighting his humility and steadfastness. Icons portray Serenus tending a garden, reflecting his devotion to simple service. Faithful gather in churches to seek his intercession for strength and perseverance. His story inspires believers to cultivate inner virtues and serve others selflessly.

February 23 in the Eastern Orthodox Church marks multiple saints and liturgical observances. Church services include Matins and Divine Liturgy featuring specific hymns (troparia and kontakia) for these commemorations. Clergy read from the Synaxarion, recounting each saint’s life and virtues. Faithful often prepare special meals and attend prayers asking for the saints’ intercession. Icons of all honored figures are venerated, fostering a communal sense of spiritual heritage and continuity.

Defender of the Fatherland Day, observed on February 23, traces back to the first mass draft into the Red Army in 1918. Modern celebrations feature military parades in Moscow, ceremonies at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, and concerts honoring veterans. Citizens offer thanks to service members and participate in patriotic events across the country. The day is also informally called Men’s Day, as it recognizes men’s contributions to society. Schools and businesses may host special programs acknowledging military history and courage.

On February 23, Belarus celebrates its Armed Forces Day, commemorating soldiers and veterans with parades in Minsk and regional ceremonies. The President and defense officials lay wreaths at monuments dedicated to war heroes. Military bands perform public concerts, and families visit veterans to express gratitude. Educational events in schools highlight Belarus’s military history and the importance of national defense. The holiday reinforces civic pride and respect for those serving in uniform.

Armed Forces Day marks the founding of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Tajikistan in 1993, following the country’s independence. Each year on February 23, military parades and ceremonial events are held across Tajikistan, including wreath-laying ceremonies and displays of military hardware in Dushanbe. The day honors both current service members and veterans, highlighting their dedication and sacrifices. Educational programs and public exhibitions showcase the history and achievements of the armed forces. Citizens participate in community events and watch televised celebrations, expressing gratitude and national pride. This holiday reinforces the importance of defense and commemorates the strength of Tajikistan’s military heritage.