March 14

Battle of Mogyoród: Dukes Géza and Ladislaus defeat their cousin Solomon, King of Hungary, forcing him to flee to Hungary's western borderland.

In 1074, Dukes Géza and Ladislaus defeated King Solomon at the Battle of Mogyoród, reshaping the Hungarian throne.

Battle of Ivry: Henry of Navarre and the Huguenots defeat the forces of the Catholic League under Charles, Duke of Mayenne, during the French Wars of Religion.

In 1590, Henry of Navarre’s Huguenot army defeated the Catholic League at the Battle of Ivry, advancing his claim to the French throne.

Thirty Years' War: Bavaria, Cologne, France and Sweden sign the Truce of Ulm.

In 1647, Bavaria, Cologne, France, and Sweden signed the Truce of Ulm, momentarily pausing hostilities in the Thirty Years' War.

According to his own account, Otto von Guericke completes his book Experimenta Nova (ut vocantur) Magdeburgica de Vacuo Spatio, detailing his experiments on vacuum and his discovery of electrostatic repulsion.

In 1663, Otto von Guericke published Experimenta Nova Magdeburgica, detailing his vacuum experiments and electrostatic repulsion discovery.

The Third Anglo-Dutch War: The Battle of Ronas Voe results in the Dutch East India Company ship Wapen van Rotterdam being captured with a death toll of up to 300 Dutch crew and soldiers.

In 1674, during the Third Anglo-Dutch War, the Dutch ship Wapen van Rotterdam was captured at Ronas Voe with heavy Dutch casualties.

Admiral Sir John Byng is executed by firing squad aboard HMS Monarch for breach of the Articles of War.

In 1757, Admiral Sir John Byng was executed by firing squad aboard HMS Monarch for failing to relieve Minorca in the Seven Years' War.

American Revolutionary War: Spanish forces capture Fort Charlotte in Mobile, Alabama, the last British frontier post capable of threatening New Orleans.

In 1780, Spanish forces captured Fort Charlotte in Mobile, ending Britain’s last Gulf Coast threat to New Orleans in the American Revolutionary War.

Eli Whitney is granted a patent for the cotton gin.

In 1794, Eli Whitney was granted a patent for his cotton gin, revolutionizing cotton processing in the United States.

Rossini's Petite messe solennelle is first performed, by twelve singers, two pianists and a harmonium player in a mansion in Paris.

In 1864, Rossini’s Petite messe solennelle debuted privately in Paris, performed by a small ensemble in an intimate setting.