March 31

Cesar Chavez Day is celebrated annually on March 31 in California and other states to commemorate the birth of César Chávez (1927–1993). As co-founder of the National Farm Workers Association (later United Farm Workers), Chavez led nonviolent protests, strikes, and marches to improve working conditions and wages for agricultural laborers. In 1994, California established this day as an official state holiday, encouraging schools and public agencies to educate the public about Chavez's legacy. Events often include community service, educational programs, and tributes that highlight social justice and workers' rights. Through this observance, communities honor Chavez's enduring impact on civil rights and labor movements.

On March 31, Christian communities commemorate the lives and legacies of saints and martyrs including Abdas of Susa, the Persian bishop martyred for his faith, and Acathius of Melitene, known for his theological contributions. The Eastern Orthodox Church observes a liturgical celebration that also honors Anesius and companions, along with Benjamin and Balbina. In Anglican and Lutheran traditions, the day includes a remembrance of the poet and cleric John Donne, whose sermons and devotional writings left a lasting mark. Services may feature special hymns, readings, and prayers reflecting the historical and spiritual significance of these figures. This feast day unites diverse Christian traditions in honoring devotion, courage, and service to the faith.

Freedom Day, known as Jum il-Ħelsien, is observed on March 31 to mark the departure of British military forces from Malta in 1979. This day represents the final step in the island's journey to complete independence, originally gained in 1964. Events include solemn wreath-laying ceremonies at national monuments, cultural performances, and educational programs that explore Malta's colonial history. Local communities organize parades, concerts, and exhibitions showcasing Maltese heritage and identity. Freedom Day serves as a reminder of the nation's resilience and the value of self-determination.

Established in 2009 by activist Rachel Crandall, the International Transgender Day of Visibility highlights the achievements of transgender and non-binary individuals around the globe. Unlike other observances that focus on remembrance, this day emphasizes visibility, empowerment, and positive representation. Communities host events ranging from rallies and educational workshops to art exhibitions and social media campaigns. The day also serves to advocate for legal rights, healthcare access, and social acceptance while acknowledging ongoing discrimination. By celebrating diversity, the observance fosters solidarity and encourages allies to support transgender inclusion and equality.

King Nangklao Memorial Day honors the third monarch of the Chakri dynasty, King Nangklao (Rama III), who was born on March 31, 1787. His reign from 1824 to 1851 was marked by significant infrastructure projects, including the construction of major canals that boosted trade and agriculture. As a patron of Buddhist art and architecture, he commissioned numerous temples and fostered cultural exchanges with neighboring regions. Thais observe the day with official ceremonies, religious offerings, and educational activities highlighting his legacy. Schools and government offices may hold exhibitions on his life, reflecting on his role in shaping early modern Thailand.

Thomas Mundy Peterson Day celebrates the historic vote cast by African American laborer Thomas Mundy Peterson in Perth Amboy, New Jersey, on March 31, 1870, following the ratification of the Fifteenth Amendment. In 1986, New Jersey officially designated this date to honor Peterson's act, symbolizing progress in civil rights and the expansion of suffrage. Schools and community groups hold lectures, exhibits, and discussions on African American history and the ongoing struggle for voting rights. The observance promotes civic education and reflects on the significance of inclusivity in democracy. It stands as a reminder of individual courage and the power of the ballot.

Transfer Day commemorates the March 31, 1917 handover of the Danish West Indies to the United States, when the islands were renamed the U.S. Virgin Islands. The transaction, valued at $25 million, marked a new chapter in the territory's history and strategic importance. Annual celebrations feature parades, reenactments, and cultural events in Charlotte Amalie and other communities. Residents participate in flag-raising ceremonies, concerts, and historical exhibitions that honor the islands' Danish heritage and American era. The observance underscores themes of identity, sovereignty, and the blending of cultures.

World Backup Day was created by an online community in 2011 to remind individuals and organizations about the critical need for data backups. Observed on March 31, the day encourages users to back up documents, photos, and system files to protect against hardware failures, cyberattacks, and human error. Participants take the official pledge on the World Backup Day website, share tips on social media, and discuss best practices for secure offsite and cloud storage. Tech companies, educational institutions, and cybersecurity experts often host workshops and webinars. By raising awareness, the observance aims to foster a culture of digital resilience and preparedness.

Abdas of Susa served as a bishop in ancient Persia during the early fourth century and is venerated for his steadfast faith. He famously opposed Zoroastrian temple worship and destroyed a sacred fire temple, leading to his arrest and martyrdom under the Sasanian Empire. His life and sacrifice are commemorated in both Eastern and Western Christian calendars. On March 31, liturgical services include hymns, prayers, and readings that reflect on themes of religious conviction and courage. The feast invites the faithful to remember the cost of discipleship and the spread of Christianity beyond the Roman world.

Acathius was the bishop of Melitene (modern-day Malatya, Turkey) in the early Byzantine era, celebrated for his theological insight and pastoral care. During periods of imperial persecution and doctrinal conflict, he defended orthodox teachings and supported his congregation. His feast on March 31 is marked with special liturgical services featuring traditional hymns and readings that highlight his contributions to Church unity. The observance underscores the role of bishops in guiding early Christian communities and preserving doctrinal integrity. Through prayers and commemorations, the faithful honor his memory and the challenges he faced for the faith.