428day.year
Nestorius becomes the Patriarch of Constantinople.
In 428, Nestorius becomes the Patriarch of Constantinople, sparking a major theological controversy in the early Christian church.
In 428 AD, Nestorius is appointed as the Patriarch of Constantinople by Emperor Theodosius II.
His teachings on the nature of Christ soon provoke intense debate known as Nestorianism.
Conflict arises between Nestorius and Cyril of Alexandria over Christological doctrine.
This dispute leads to the Council of Ephesus in 431, where Nestorius is condemned and exiled.
The controversy significantly shapes the development of early Christian theology and church politics.
428
Nestorius
Patriarch of Constantinople
1407day.year
Deshin Shekpa, 5th Karmapa Lama visits the Ming dynasty capital at Nanjing and is awarded the title "Great Treasure Prince of Dharma".
In 1407, Deshin Shekpa, the 5th Karmapa Lama of Tibet, visits Nanjing and is bestowed the title 'Great Treasure Prince of Dharma' by the Ming emperor.
In 1407, Deshin Shekpa arrives in the Ming dynasty’s capital at Nanjing as a spiritual envoy.
The Yongle Emperor honors him with the title 'Great Treasure Prince of Dharma,' recognizing his religious stature.
This visit strengthens ties between Tibetan Buddhism and the Ming court.
It marks a significant moment of diplomatic and cultural exchange in East Asia.
The imperial recognition elevates the Karmapa lineage and influences Sino-Tibetan relations for decades.
1407
Deshin Shekpa, 5th Karmapa Lama
Ming dynasty
Nanjing
1717day.year
Robert Walpole resigns from the British government, commencing the Whig Split which lasts until 1720.
In 1717, Robert Walpole resigns from the British government, triggering the Whig Split and altering party politics.
Robert Walpole, a leading Whig statesman, steps down amid factional disputes in 1717.
His resignation divides the Whig party into 'Court Whigs' and 'Country Whigs.'
The Whig Split persists until 1720, weakening cohesive governance.
During this period, rivalries over foreign policy and patronage intensify.
These events set the stage for Walpole’s later return as Britain’s first de facto Prime Minister.
1717
Robert Walpole
Whig Split
1821day.year
Patriarch Gregory V of Constantinople is hanged by the Ottoman government from the main gate of the Patriarchate and his body is thrown into the Bosphorus.
In 1821, Patriarch Gregory V of Constantinople was executed by the Ottoman government, a grim act tied to political unrest in the region.
On April 10, 1821, the Ottoman authorities publicly hanged Patriarch Gregory V of Constantinople at the main gate of the Patriarchate. He was accused of supporting the Greek struggle for independence against Ottoman rule. After his execution, his body was displayed and later thrown into the Bosphorus, shocking Christian populations. The violent act enraged Orthodox communities and intensified calls for rebellion. Gregory V was revered as a religious spiritual leader, and his martyrdom galvanized support for the Greek War of Independence. The execution reflected the empire’s harsh measures to suppress nationalist movements. His death is remembered as a symbol of sacrifice and resistance in Greek history. It also deepened divisions between the Ottoman authorities and their Christian subjects, setting the stage for further conflict.
1821
Gregory V of Constantinople
Ottoman government
Patriarchate
Bosphorus
1864day.year
Archduke Maximilian of Habsburg is proclaimed emperor of Mexico during the French intervention in Mexico.
In 1864, Archduke Maximilian of Habsburg was proclaimed Emperor of Mexico by French forces intervening in the country.
During the French intervention in Mexico, European powers sought to establish a friendly monarchy in the Americas. On April 10, 1864, French-backed authorities officially proclaimed Archduke Ferdinand Maximilian of Habsburg as Emperor Maximilian I of Mexico. His ascension followed the exile of President Benito Juárez and the collapse of the Mexican Republic’s central government. Maximilian arrived in Mexico City with high hopes of modernizing the nation and implementing liberal reforms. However, his reforms often clashed with conservative landowners and liberal republicans alike. Lacking broad popular support and under constant guerilla pressure, his regime became increasingly unstable. By 1867, Mexican forces reclaimed the capital, leading to Maximilian’s capture and execution. His brief reign remains a tragic episode highlighting foreign intervention and the struggle for Mexican sovereignty.
1864
Maximilian of Habsburg
French intervention in Mexico
1919day.year
The Third Regional Congress of Peasants, Workers and Insurgents is held by the Makhnovshchina at Huliaipole.
The Makhnovshchina convenes its Third Regional Congress of Peasants, Workers, and Insurgents at Huliaipole in 1919.
During the Russian Civil War, the anarchist movement led by Nestor Makhno organized the Third Regional Congress in Huliaipole on April 10, 1919.
Delegates from liberated territories gathered to discuss land redistribution, self-governance, and anti-authoritarian principles.
The congress adopted resolutions on collectivization of agriculture and the establishment of workers' councils.
It demonstrated the organizational capacity of the Makhnovshchina and its commitment to grassroots democracy.
Despite later suppression by Bolshevik forces, the congress remains a landmark in anarchist history.
Third Regional Congress of Peasants, Workers and Insurgents
Makhnovshchina
Huliaipole
1925day.year
The Russian city of Tsaritsyn was renamed Stalingrad to honor the Soviet leader Joseph Stalin, Soviet Communist Party General Secretary, who had guided the defense of Tsaritsyn during the Russian Civil War in 1920.
The city of Tsaritsyn in Russia was officially renamed Stalingrad to honor Joseph Stalin's leadership during the Civil War.
On April 10, 1925, the Soviet government rechristened Tsaritsyn as Stalingrad in tribute to Joseph Stalin's defense of the city during the Russian Civil War. Stalin, then General Secretary of the Communist Party, had personally overseen military efforts in the region in 1920. The renaming symbolized the consolidation of Stalin's power and the cult of personality that would define his rule. Stalingrad grew into a major industrial center under the Soviet regime, attracting workers and investment. The city's name later became synonymous with one of World War II's most brutal battles, further embedding it in global history. Today, the city is known as Volgograd, but the legacy of its former name endures in memories of both decisive political change and wartime heroism.
Tsaritsyn
Stalingrad
Joseph Stalin
1938day.year
The 1938 German parliamentary election and referendum seeks approval for a single list of Nazi candidates and the recent annexation of Austria.
Nazi Germany held a parliamentary election and referendum to endorse a single list of Nazi candidates and the annexation of Austria.
On April 10, 1938, Adolf Hitler's regime conducted the German parliamentary election and referendum. Voters were presented with a single list of Nazi candidates alongside a vote to approve the recent Anschluss, the annexation of Austria into Germany. The orchestrated ballot took place under intense propaganda and the presence of Nazi militia, ensuring overwhelming support. Official results claimed near-unanimous approval, bolstering Hitler's authoritarian rule. International observers criticized the lack of genuine choice and the suppression of dissent. This sham election further solidified the totalitarian grip of the Nazi Party and marked another step toward war in Europe.
1938
1938 German parliamentary election and referendum
1971day.year
Ping-pong diplomacy: In an attempt to thaw relations with the United States, China hosts the U.S. table tennis team for a week-long visit.
China invited the US table tennis team for a visit, initiating 'Ping-pong diplomacy' to improve Sino-American relations.
On April 10, 1971, the People's Republic of China extended an unprecedented invitation to the United States national table tennis team. This exchange, known as 'Ping-pong diplomacy', marked the first official American delegation to visit China since 1949. Matches and cultural exchanges during the week-long visit fostered goodwill between the two nations amid decades of diplomatic isolation. The event paved the way for high-level talks and President Nixon's historic visit to China in 1972. Ping-pong diplomacy demonstrated how sports could transcend political barriers and reshape international relations. It remains a seminal example of soft power and cultural diplomacy.
1971
Ping-pong diplomacy
table tennis
1981day.year
Imprisoned IRA hunger striker Bobby Sands was elected to Westminster as the MP for Fermanagh and South Tyrone, Northern Ireland. He died twenty-six days later.
Irish hunger striker Bobby Sands won a seat in the British Parliament while imprisoned, drawing global attention to the Northern Ireland conflict.
On April 10, 1981, Bobby Sands, a member of the Provisional Irish Republican Army, was elected Member of Parliament for Fermanagh and South Tyrone.
Sands conducted his campaign from Long Kesh prison, where he was serving a sentence and had been on hunger strike for weeks.
His unexpected victory signaled broad support for the Irish nationalist cause and the prisoners' demand for political status.
The election win sent shockwaves through the United Kingdom and intensified the Northern Ireland Troubles.
Sands died of starvation on May 5, 1981, becoming a martyr figure for the republican movement.
His legacy continued to influence peace negotiations and the eventual Good Friday Agreement years later.
1981
IRA
Bobby Sands
elected
1998day.year
The Good Friday Agreement is signed in Northern Ireland.
Northern Ireland's historic Good Friday Agreement was signed, ending decades of conflict and laying the foundation for peace.
On April 10, 1998, political leaders from Northern Ireland, the Republic of Ireland, and the British government signed the Good Friday Agreement in Belfast.
The accord established a power-sharing government, decommissioning of weapons, and cross-border cooperation between the two Irelands.
It addressed issues of sovereignty, civil rights, and the constitutional status of Northern Ireland.
Referendums held later in both jurisdictions overwhelmingly endorsed the agreement, paving the way for a peaceful resolution to the Troubles.
While challenges remained, the Good Friday Agreement marked a turning point in reconciling communities divided by decades of sectarian violence.
It became a model for conflict resolution and democratic governance worldwide.
1998
Good Friday Agreement
2009day.year
President of Fiji Ratu Josefa Iloilo announces the abrogation of the constitution and assumes all governance in the country, creating a constitutional crisis.
Fiji's President Ratu Josefa Iloilo abrogated the constitution and assumed all governmental powers, triggering a constitutional crisis.
On April 10, 2009, President Ratu Josefa Iloilo of Fiji announced the abrogation of the country's 1997 constitution.
The president claimed extraordinary authority following a Supreme Court decision overturning the 2006 military coup.
He dismissed parliament, dismissed all judicial appointments, and vested legislative and executive powers in the presidency.
The move plunged Fiji into a constitutional crisis, drawing condemnation from international human rights organizations and foreign governments.
Civil liberties groups warned of authoritarian rule and the erosion of democratic institutions.
Fiji's political landscape remained uncertain as calls for elections and constitutional restoration continued amid ongoing protest and dialogue.
2009
President of Fiji
Ratu
Josefa Iloilo
constitution
constitutional crisis