April 11

Little is known about Ramadan ibn Alauddin's origins, but his Arabic-inscribed tombstone, dated 1349, was found in the Goryeo capital of Kaesong. The stele records his death on April 11, marking him as the earliest Muslim identified in Korean history. His epitaph suggests he held a respected position in the royal court, possibly as an interpreter or official under the Yuan dynasty's influence. The inscription reflects Islamic burial rites and use of the Hijri calendar, indicating the presence of a small Muslim community in medieval Korea. Scholars view Ramadan's tombstone as a rare testament to religious diversity during the Goryeo period. His legacy endures through ongoing research and preservation efforts of Korea's Islamic heritage landmarks.

Born in Leicester in 1862, Merrick developed extreme deformities that isolated him from his community. He spent years displayed in Victorian 'freak shows' before gaining the support of Dr. Frederick Treves. At the London Hospital, Merrick lived under compassionate care and became a symbol of both human curiosity and empathy. Despite his physical challenges, he was noted for his gentle nature, artistic talents, and appreciation of music. Merrick died in 1890, and his life has since inspired numerous plays, films, and discussions on dignity and disability.

Born in 1841 in Penzing, Austria, Otto Wagner emerged as a pioneer of modern architecture and urban planning. As a professor at the Vienna Academy of Fine Arts, he influenced a generation of designers, including Adolf Loos. Wagner’s works, such as the Vienna Stadtbahn stations and the Postal Savings Bank building, showcase his emphasis on functionality, clean lines, and innovative materials. He played a key role in the Vienna Secession, advocating for art that reflected the needs of a changing society. His designs helped transform Vienna’s urban landscape into a model of modernity. Wagner’s legacy endures in the principles of practical and aesthetic architecture.

Born in 1935, Kaftancıoğlu began his career in print journalism, writing for leading Turkish newspapers. He later transitioned to television, producing acclaimed documentaries on cultural and social issues. His programs tackled topics ranging from rural traditions to modern urban life. Kaftancıoğlu was respected for his investigative approach and storytelling flair. He mentored a generation of Turkish broadcasters and journalists. Tragically, his life was cut short in 1980, but his influence endures in Turkish media.

Born in 1923 in Italy, Testa moved to Argentina where he studied architecture at the University of Buenos Aires. He co-founded the architecture firm SEPRA and designed iconic buildings like the Banco de Londres and Manchester in Buenos Aires. His distinctive use of raw concrete and dramatic geometries made him a leading figure in Latin American modernism. Testa's work spanned public buildings, cultural centers, and private residences, earning international recognition. In addition to architecture, he was a painter and graphic artist, exploring the interplay of form and color. Over his six-decade career, he received numerous awards including the Buenos Aires City Prize. He remained active in design and art until his death in 2013.

Muhammad Kamaruzzaman was a Bangladeshi journalist born in 1952 who rose to prominence as the editor of the weekly newspaper Saptahik Desh. He held the position of information and research secretary in the cultural wing of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party and was known for his political commentary and analysis. His journalistic work often focused on social and political issues in Bangladesh. Later in life, he was tried and convicted by the International Crimes Tribunal for his alleged actions during the 1971 Liberation War, a case that sparked international debate on justice and reconciliation. He was executed on April 11, 2015, and remains a controversial figure in Bangladesh’s modern history.

François Maspero was a renowned French publisher, journalist, and translator born in 1932. In 1959, he founded Éditions Maspero, a publishing house that became influential for its courageous works advocating Algerian independence and anti-colonial thought. Maspero authored novels and critical essays, and translated major works from Spanish into French, introducing writers like Gabriel García Márquez to French audiences. His commitment to political activism and freedom of expression made him a central figure among France’s post-war intellectuals. He continued to write, publish, and champion dissident voices throughout his career. Maspero passed away on April 11, 2015, leaving a legacy of fearless publishing.