357day.year
Emperor Constantius II enters Rome for the first time to celebrate his victory over Magnus Magnentius.
Emperor Constantius II made his first ceremonial entry into Rome in 357 to celebrate his victory over Magnus Magnentius.
After defeating the usurper Magnus Magnentius in 353, Constantius II marched on Rome and on April 28, 357, entered the city in triumph. The event marked his first personal appearance in the traditional capital since becoming sole emperor. Lavish celebrations and public games were staged to honor his victory and reinforce his legitimacy. The spectacle served as powerful propaganda to unite the populace behind his reign. Despite the shift of imperial administration toward Constantinople, Rome remained a symbolic heart of the empire. This grand entrance underscored the enduring prestige of the Eternal City.
357
Constantius II
Rome
Magnus Magnentius
1294day.year
Temür, grandson of Kublai, is elected Khagan of the Mongols with the reigning title Oljeitu.
Temür, grandson of Kublai Khan, was enthroned as Khagan of the Mongols under the title Oljeitu in 1294.
On April 28, 1294, Temür, the grandson of Kublai Khan, was elected Khagan of the Mongol Empire and assumed the regnal name Oljeitu. His selection by the Mongol princes ensured continuity of the Yuan dynasty’s rule across China and the steppes. Temür inherited an empire spanning from Eastern Europe to the Pacific, yet one marked by administrative challenges and regional tensions. He favored Confucian scholars in his court and sought to blend Mongol military traditions with Chinese bureaucratic institutions. Under his leadership, trade along the Silk Road was maintained, fostering cultural exchanges between East and West. Although lacking Kublai’s military triumphs, Oljeitu’s reign was characterized by relative stability and consolidation.
1294
Temür
Kublai
Khagan
Mongols
1788day.year
Maryland becomes the seventh state to ratify the United States Constitution.
Maryland ratified the U.S. Constitution as the seventh state on April 28, 1788.
On April 28, 1788, Maryland's convention in Annapolis approved the United States Constitution, making it the seventh state to join the new federal union. Delegates debated key issues such as representation, taxation powers, and the balance between state and national authority. Maryland’s ratification contributed momentum toward the document’s adoption by the necessary nine states. The decision reflected the state's support for a stronger central government while preserving state sovereignty. Ratification ceremonies included public readings and celebrations in Baltimore and Annapolis. Maryland’s early endorsement helped legitimize the constitutional framework that governs the United States to this day.
1788
Maryland
United States Constitution
1794day.year
Sardinians, headed by Giovanni Maria Angioy, start a revolution against the Savoy domination, expelling Viceroy Balbiano and his officials from Cagliari, the capital and largest city of the island.
Sardinians under Giovanni Maria Angioy revolted against Savoy rule, expelling officials from Cagliari in a struggle for greater autonomy.
On April 28, 1794, Sardinian patriots under the leadership of Giovanni Maria Angioy rose against the ruling House of Savoy in Cagliari. Angioy, a magistrate turned revolutionary, sought to end feudal privileges and improve local governance. His followers expelled Viceroy Balbiano and royal officials from the capital. The revolt gained momentum among peasants and artisans frustrated by heavy taxation. Though ultimately suppressed, the uprising galvanized Sardinian identity and demands for reform. Angioy's legacy endured as a symbol of resistance against external domination.
1794
Sardinians
Giovanni Maria Angioy
Savoy domination
Cagliari
1796day.year
The Armistice of Cherasco is signed by Napoleon Bonaparte and Vittorio Amedeo III, King of Sardinia, expanding French territory along the Mediterranean coast.
Napoleon Bonaparte and King Vittorio Amedeo III signed the Armistice of Cherasco, extending French territory along the Mediterranean coast.
On April 28, 1796, Napoleon Bonaparte and King Vittorio Amedeo III of Sardinia signed the Armistice of Cherasco. This agreement ceded strategic territories such as the Duchy of Savoy and Sardinian Nice to France. It also secured French military passage through Piedmont. The armistice marked a key triumph in Napoleon's Italian campaign. It weakened Sardinia's role as a buffer against French expansion. The treaty laid groundwork for further French hegemony in Italy and contributed to the transformation of European politics.
1796
Armistice of Cherasco
Napoleon Bonaparte
Vittorio Amedeo III
Sardinia
1887day.year
A week after being arrested by the Prussian Secret Police, French police inspector Guillaume Schnaebelé is released on order of William I, German Emperor, defusing a possible war.
French inspector Guillaume Schnaebelé was released by order of Emperor William I after his arrest by Prussian authorities, averting a potential conflict.
On April 28, 1887, Guillaume Schnaebelé, a French police inspector, was released by order of German Emperor William I after being detained by Prussian authorities. The arrest had sparked fears of a diplomatic crisis between France and the German Empire. Intervention by French diplomats and the Kaiser's direct command defused the situation. Schnaebele's release averted what might have escalated into military conflict. The incident underscored the fragile balance of power in late 19th-century Europe. It temporarily eased tensions but foreshadowed the rivalries leading to World War I.
1887
Prussian Secret Police
Guillaume Schnaebelé
William I, German Emperor
1920day.year
The Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic is founded.
The Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic was established as a new Soviet state in the Caucasus.
It marked the beginning of Soviet influence in the region and the end of Azerbaijan’s brief independence.
In April 1920, Bolshevik forces invaded the Democratic Republic of Azerbaijan, leading to the proclamation of the Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic.
The new republic became one of the founding members of the Soviet Union later that year, integrating its political, economic, and social systems with Moscow’s directives.
This transition ended Azerbaijan’s short-lived independence following the collapse of the Russian Empire in 1918.
Under Soviet rule, Azerbaijan saw rapid industrialization, particularly in its oil sector, transforming Baku into a major oil-producing center.
The establishment of the Azerbaijan SSR set the stage for decades of Soviet governance until Azerbaijan regained sovereignty in 1991.
1920
Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic
1949day.year
The Hukbalahap are accused of assassinating former First Lady of the Philippines Aurora Quezon, while she is en route to dedicate a hospital in memory of her late husband; her daughter and ten others are also killed.
Aurora Quezon, the former First Lady of the Philippines, was assassinated by Hukbalahap rebels en route to a hospital dedication, resulting in the deaths of her daughter and ten companions.
In 1949, the Hukbalahap, a communist guerrilla movement in the Philippines, intensified its insurgency against the government.
On April 28, former First Lady Aurora Quezon was traveling with her family to dedicate a hospital in memory of her late husband, President Manuel Quezon.
As their convoy moved through Nueva Ecija, armed members of the Hukbalahap ambushed and attacked the vehicle.
Aurora Quezon, her daughter, and ten others were killed in the brutal assault.
The assassination shocked the nation and highlighted the escalating violence of the Huk rebellion.
President Elpidio Quirino declared a state of emergency and launched operations to suppress the guerrillas.
The tragedy marked a turning point in post-war Philippine politics and deepened national fears of insurgency.
1949
Hukbalahap
First Lady of the Philippines
Aurora Quezon
late husband
1952day.year
Dwight D. Eisenhower resigns as Supreme Allied Commander of NATO in order to campaign in the 1952 United States presidential election.
Dwight D. Eisenhower resigned as NATO's Supreme Allied Commander to launch his campaign for the 1952 US presidential election.
In early 1952, General of the Army Dwight D. Eisenhower served as Supreme Allied Commander Europe for NATO.
On April 28, he formally resigned his commission to return to the United States.
Eisenhower's decision cleared the path for his entry into the Republican presidential primaries.
He leveraged his wartime leadership and reputation to appeal to the American electorate.
His successful campaign led to a decisive victory in November 1952.
Eisenhower's presidency would go on to shape Cold War policy and post-war reconstruction in Europe.
1952
Dwight D. Eisenhower
Supreme Allied Commander
NATO
1952 United States presidential election
1952day.year
The Treaty of San Francisco comes into effect, restoring Japanese sovereignty and ending its state of war with most of the Allies of World War II.
The Treaty of San Francisco came into force, restoring Japan's sovereignty and officially ending its state of war with most World War II Allies.
The Treaty of San Francisco was signed in September 1951 to formally end hostilities between Japan and the Allied powers.
On April 28, 1952, the treaty took effect, officially restoring full sovereignty to Japan.
Occupation forces led by the United States had governed Japan since 1945.
The treaty helped integrate Japan into the post-war international system.
It also provided for reparations and the return of property seized during the war.
This moment paved the way for Japan's rapid economic recovery and growing role in global affairs.
However, Japan remained without diplomatic ties to the Soviet Union and China for years afterward.
Treaty of San Francisco
Allies of World War II
1952day.year
The Sino-Japanese Peace Treaty (Treaty of Taipei) is signed in Taipei, Taiwan between Japan and the Republic of China to officially end the Second Sino-Japanese War.
Japan and the Republic of China signed the Treaty of Taipei, formally ending the Second Sino-Japanese War.
On April 28, 1952, Japan and the Republic of China signed the Sino-Japanese Peace Treaty in Taipei.
This agreement, known as the Treaty of Taipei, officially ended the Second Sino-Japanese War.
The treaty recognized the legal framework established by the earlier San Francisco Treaty.
It resolved outstanding issues of property and reparations between the two nations.
The Republic of China regained certain territories and concessions previously held by Japan.
Despite the treaty, diplomatic relations remained complicated by the Chinese Civil War.
The agreement set the foundation for future economic and cultural exchanges across the Taiwan Strait.
Sino-Japanese Peace Treaty (Treaty of Taipei)
Taipei
Republic of China
Second Sino-Japanese War
1965day.year
United States occupation of the Dominican Republic: American troops land in the Dominican Republic to "forestall establishment of a Communist dictatorship" and to evacuate US Army troops.
American forces landed in the Dominican Republic to prevent a communist dictatorship and evacuate U.S. Army personnel.
In April 1965, political instability in the Dominican Republic threatened to escalate into civil war.
On April 28, U.S. forces landed in Santo Domingo under the doctrine of preventing communist expansion.
President Lyndon B. Johnson authorized the operation to protect American lives and interests.
The intervention aimed to evacuate U.S. Army troops still in the country and safeguard foreigners.
American units established a security zone in the capital and engaged various Dominican factions.
The occupation lasted until September 1966, influencing the nation's political landscape.
Critics debated the legality and morality of U.S. intervention in a sovereign nation.
1965
United States occupation of the Dominican Republic
Dominican Republic
Communist