1861day.year
Maryland in the American Civil War: Maryland's House of Delegates votes not to secede from the Union.
Maryland decides against secession, keeping the state in the Union during the American Civil War.
On April 29, 1861, Maryland's House of Delegates voted to remain within the United States rather than join the Confederacy.
This critical decision prevented Washington, D.C., from being completely surrounded by slave states.
The vote reflected divided loyalties within Maryland, where both Unionist and secessionist sentiments ran high.
Federal troops were deployed to maintain order and secure key transportation routes across the state.
Maryland's choice bolstered President Lincoln's strategic position in the early days of the Civil War.
The state's retention in the Union had lasting implications for military operations and border security.
This vote is remembered as a pivotal moment that shaped the course of the war.
1861
Maryland in the American Civil War
1910day.year
The Parliament of the United Kingdom passes the People's Budget, the first budget in British history with the expressed intent of redistributing wealth among the British public.
The UK Parliament enacts the People's Budget, the first British budget aimed at redistributing wealth through progressive taxation.
On April 29, 1910, the British Parliament passed the People's Budget, introduced by Chancellor David Lloyd George.
It was the first budget in UK history explicitly designed to redistribute wealth through progressive taxation.
Taxes on land and high incomes funded new social programs, including pensions and unemployment benefits.
The House of Lords initially rejected the measure, sparking a constitutional crisis over the Lords' veto power.
Ultimately, the budget's passage laid the groundwork for Britain's modern welfare state.
1910
Parliament of the United Kingdom
People's Budget
redistributing wealth
1945day.year
World War II: Adolf Hitler marries his longtime partner Eva Braun in a Berlin bunker and designates Admiral Karl Dönitz as his successor.
Amid the collapse of Nazi Germany, Adolf Hitler married Eva Braun in his Berlin bunker and appointed Admiral Karl Dönitz as his successor.
On April 29, 1945, amid the collapse of Nazi Germany, Adolf Hitler married his longtime partner Eva Braun in the Fuehrerbunker beneath Berlin.
The intimate ceremony served as a final personal moment before the imminent fall of the Reich.
Immediately after, Hitler appointed Admiral Karl Dönitz as his successor as head of state.
This decision laid the groundwork for the brief Flensburg government formed upon Hitler's suicide on April 30.
Eva Braun would die alongside Hitler the next day, marking the definitive end of the Nazi regime.
Dönitz's short tenure oversaw Germany's surrender and the transition to Allied occupation.
Adolf Hitler
Eva Braun
Berlin bunker
Admiral
Karl Dönitz
1946day.year
The International Military Tribunal for the Far East convenes and indicts former Prime Minister of Japan Hideki Tojo and 28 former Japanese leaders for war crimes.
The Tokyo War Crimes Tribunal opens, indicting former Prime Minister Hideki Tojo and other Japanese leaders.
On April 29, 1946, the International Military Tribunal for the Far East convened in Tokyo to prosecute Japanese wartime leaders.
Twenty-eight defendants, including former Prime Minister Hideki Tojo, faced charges of crimes against peace and humanity.
Modeled on the Nuremberg Trials, the tribunal sought accountability for atrocities across Asia.
Defense testimonies covered events from the invasion of Manchuria to the Burma Railway.
The proceedings lasted until 1948, resulting in multiple convictions and a range of sentences.
The tribunal established legal precedents in international law and war crime jurisprudence.
1946
International Military Tribunal for the Far East
Prime Minister of Japan
Hideki Tojo
war crimes
1974day.year
Watergate scandal: United States President Richard Nixon announces the release of edited transcripts of White House tape recordings relating to the scandal.
President Nixon releases edited White House tape transcripts amid the Watergate scandal.
On April 29, 1974, President Richard Nixon authorized the publication of heavily edited transcripts of Oval Office recordings.
The release sought to address public demand for transparency while omitting sensitive national security details.
Critics, including Congress and the press, condemned the redactions as politically motivated and insufficient.
Democrats intensified calls for the full tapes and initiated impeachment proceedings.
The controversy eroded Nixon's support, leading to resignations within his administration.
Nixon's eventual resignation in August 1974 marked a watershed moment in American political accountability.
1974
Watergate scandal
Richard Nixon
White House
1986day.year
An assembly of Sikhs, known as a Sarbat Khalsa, officially declared independence for a state of Khalistan.
At the Sarbat Khalsa assembly, Sikh leaders proclaimed the independent state of Khalistan, intensifying the Punjab separatist movement.
On April 29, 1986, a gathering of Sikh leaders known as the Sarbat Khalsa formally declared the creation of Khalistan, an independent Sikh homeland. Held at the village of Panjwar in Punjab, the assembly invoked historical traditions and religious authority to justify the declaration. The move intensified ongoing tensions between Sikh separatists and the Indian government, following years of insurgency in the region. Indian authorities condemned the proclamation and launched security operations to suppress the movement. The Khalistan issue fueled political violence, leading to further unrest and human rights concerns. The declaration remains a significant event in the history of Sikh nationalism and Punjab politics.
Sikhs
Sarbat Khalsa
Khalistan
1997day.year
The Chemical Weapons Convention of 1993 enters into force, outlawing the production, stockpiling and use of chemical weapons by its signatories.
The Chemical Weapons Convention entered into force, legally banning the production and use of chemical weapons worldwide.
On April 29, 1997, the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) formally entered into force after enough signatory states ratified the treaty. The CWC prohibits the development, production, stockpiling, and use of chemical weapons, and establishes verification measures and destruction obligations. The Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) was created to oversee implementation and inspections of declared facilities. Member states committed to destroy existing stockpiles within set deadlines and to convert or eliminate pertinent chemical production infrastructure. The treaty represented a landmark achievement in global arms control and disarmament efforts since World War I. It remains the most comprehensive multilateral agreement on chemical weapons prohibition.
1997
Chemical Weapons Convention
chemical weapons