1559day.year
John Knox returns from exile to Scotland to become the leader of the nascent Scottish Reformation.
In 1559, Scottish reformer John Knox returned from exile to lead the Scottish Reformation and reshape the nation's religious landscape.
After years of exile in Geneva, John Knox landed at St. Andrews on May 2, 1559, determined to transform the religious landscape of Scotland. Influenced by John Calvin’s teachings, he called for the abolition of Catholic practices and the establishment of a Presbyterian church. Knox’s fiery sermons attracted large followings and galvanized opposition to Mary of Guise’s French-backed regency. His leadership culminated in the signing of the First Book of Discipline and the Parliament of Scotland’s official endorsement of Protestant reforms. The Scottish Reformation reshaped Scottish society, culture, and governance, and laid the groundwork for the Kirk’s central role in national life. Knox’s return remains a landmark moment in the history of the Protestant movement.
1559
John Knox
Scottish Reformation