May 09

Born into the Minamoto clan in 1147, Yoritomo rose to power after defeating the Taira clan at the Battle of Dan-no-ura. He established the Kamakura shogunate in 1192, marking the beginning of samurai-led governance in Japan. As shōgun, he implemented a feudal military administration and distributed lands to loyal retainers. His rule laid the foundations for centuries of warrior government and shaped Japanese politics. Yoritomo’s legacy endures in Japanese history as the architect of the samurai era and the first military ruler of Japan.

Born in 1540 to the Sisodia dynasty, Pratap ascended the throne amid Mughal expansion under Emperor Akbar. He famously fought the Battle of Haldighati in 1576, employing guerrilla tactics against a larger imperial army. Despite failing to reclaim his capital, Pratap continued to harass Mughal forces and regain strategic hill forts. His unwavering commitment to independence made him a symbol of Rajput valor and defiance. Pratap was also known for his patronage of arts and encouragement of local cultures in Mewar. He died in 1597, leaving a legacy celebrated in folklore, ballads, and Indian historiography.

Born in 1594 into the House of Nassau, Louis Henry inherited the title Prince of Nassau-Dillenburg in the early 17th century. He led Protestant forces in several campaigns of the Thirty Years’ War, aligning with Swedish and Dutch allies. His strategic acumen and logistical reforms improved troop effectiveness in challenging conflict zones. After hostilities, he focused on rebuilding his territories and promoting agricultural and economic recovery. Louis Henry’s rule combined martial leadership with efforts to stabilize his principality. He died in 1662, remembered for his dual roles as prince and military innovator during one of Europe’s most devastating wars.

Francesco Baracca was Italy's leading fighter pilot during World War I, credited with 34 confirmed aerial victories. He served as commander of the famous 91a Squadriglia and flew Spad biplanes with a distinctive prancing horse emblem. Renowned for his daring tactics and leadership, he earned Italy's highest military honors, including the Gold Medal of Military Valor. Baracca became a symbol of Italian aviation prowess and inspired future generations of pilots. Killed in action in 1918, his legacy endures in museums, memorials, and the Ferrari prancing horse logo.