June 01
Overview
Holidays & Observances
Children's Day(International), and its related observances:
The Day of Protection of Children Rights(Armenia), Mothers' and Children's Day(Mongolia)
International Children's Day is celebrated worldwide on June 1 to raise awareness of children's rights and welfare. In Armenia, the Day of Protection of Children's Rights is observed, while Mongolia celebrates Mothers' and Children's Day.
Christianfeast day:
Annibale Maria di Francia, Crescentinus, Fortunatus of Spoleto, Herculanus of Piegaro, Íñigo of Oña, Justin Martyr(Roman Catholic,Eastern Orthodox,Anglican,Lutheran), Ronan of Locronan, Pamphilus of Caesarea(Roman Catholiconly), June 1 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
Christian feast days on June 1 honor multiple saints across Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Anglican, and Lutheran traditions, including Justin Martyr and Annibale Maria di Francia.
Gawai Dayak, harvest festival in the state ofSarawak(Malaysia)
Gawai Dayak is a vibrant harvest festival celebrated by the Dayak people in Sarawak, Malaysia, marking the end of the rice-harvesting season.
Global Day of Parents(International)
Global Day of Parents on June 1 honors parents' essential role in raising and nurturing children worldwide.
Independence Day, celebrates the independence ofSamoafrom New Zealand in 1962.
Samoa's Independence Day on June 1 marks the nation's independence from New Zealand in 1962 with island-wide celebrations.
Madaraka Day(Kenya)
Madaraka Day in Kenya on June 1 commemorates the country's attainment of internal self-rule in 1963.
National Maritime Day (Mexico)
National Maritime Day in Mexico on June 1 honors the nation's maritime heritage and celebrates advancements in shipping and naval history.
National Tree Planting Day (Cambodia)
National Tree Planting Day in Cambodia on June 1 encourages citizens to plant trees and support reforestation efforts.
Pancasila Day(Indonesia)
Pancasila Day in Indonesia on June 1 commemorates the introduction of the Pancasila state philosophy by Sukarno in 1945.
Events
Alfonso X is proclaimed king of Castile and León.
In 1252, Alfonso X was proclaimed King of Castile and León, marking the start of his influential reign.
Residents of Riga and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania defeat the Livonian Order in the Battle of Turaida.
In 1298, allied forces from Riga and Lithuania routed the Livonian Order at Turaida, reshaping Baltic alliances.
A monk, John Cor, records the first known batch of Scotch whisky.
In 1495, Scottish monk John Cor made the earliest recorded mention of Scotch whisky production.
Anne Boleyn is crowned Queen of England.
In 1533, Anne Boleyn was crowned Queen of England, cementing Henry VIII's controversial break from Rome.
Combined forces loyal to Charles V attack and expel the Ottomans from Tunis during the Conquest of Tunis.
In 1535, Emperor Charles V's forces captured Tunis from the Ottomans, asserting Habsburg power in North Africa.
The Roundheads defeat the Cavaliers at the Battle of Maidstone in the Second English Civil War.
On June 1, 1648, Parliamentarian forces defeated Royalists at the Battle of Maidstone during the Second English Civil War.
Start of the Sumuroy Revolt: Filipinos in Northern Samar led by Agustin Sumuroy revolt against Spanish colonial authorities.
In 1649, Agustín Sumuroy led a revolt in Northern Samar against Spanish colonial authorities over forced labor.
In Dover, England, Charles II of England and Louis XIV of France sign the Secret Treaty of Dover, which will force England into the Third Anglo-Dutch War.
On June 1, 1670, Charles II and Louis XIV secretly allied through the Treaty of Dover, setting the stage for war with the Dutch.
Battle of Öland: allied Danish-Dutch forces defeat the Swedish navy in the Baltic Sea, during the Scanian War (1675–79).
In 1676, a combined Danish-Dutch fleet defeated the Swedish navy at the Battle of Öland, shifting naval power in the Baltic.
Births
Geoffrey
12th-century French noble of the House of Anjou who served as Count of Nantes and played a role in the region’s dynastic struggles.
Thomas of Brotherton
English nobleman and royal son who became the 1st Earl of Norfolk and served as Lord Marshal of England.
Giles Daubeney
English courtier and diplomat who was created the 1st Baron Daubeney under King Henry VII.
Enno I
German nobleman who ruled as Count of East Frisia and unified disputed Frisian territories.
Tiedemann Giese
Polish Catholic bishop and humanist scholar who supported early astronomical studies.
Maarten van Heemskerck
Dutch Renaissance painter known for dramatic religious scenes and Italianate landscapes.
Dirck Coornhert
Dutch Renaissance humanist, writer, and translator who advocated for religious tolerance and moral philosophy.
Robert Cecil
Powerful Tudor statesman who served as Secretary of State under Elizabeth I and James I and managed the crown’s affairs.
Frans Post
Pioneering Dutch artist known as the first European to paint landscapes of colonial Brazil.
Deaths
Emperor Gaozu of Han, also known as Liu Bang, founded the Han dynasty and became its first emperor, ruling from 202 BC to 195 BC.
Marcus Didius Julianus
Marcus Didius Julianus became Roman Emperor in 193 AD after purchasing the throne from the Praetorian Guard, ruling for two tumultuous months.
Ran Min
Ran Min was the founder and emperor of the short-lived Ran Wei state during China's Sixteen Kingdoms period.
Pyrrhus
Pyrrhus served as the Patriarch of Constantinople in the mid-7th century.
Li Tongjie
Li Tongjie was a Tang Dynasty general who attempted to assert his family's hereditary control over Shanxi before being defeated by imperial forces.
Xiao
Empress Xiao was the wife of Emperor Wenzong of Tang and wielded influence at the imperial court during the early 9th century.
Theodosius Romanus
Theodosius Romanus served as the Syriac Orthodox Patriarch of Antioch, leading the church from 887 to 896 AD.
Thietmar
Thietmar was Duke of Saxony who defended his duchy against external threats and played a pivotal role in early 10th-century German politics.
Ermengarde of Anjou
Ermengarde of Anjou served as Duchess regent of Brittany, guiding the duchy through a period of dynastic transition in the 12th century.