June 04
Overview
Holidays & Observances
Christianfeast day:
Filippo Smaldone, Francis Caracciolo, Optatus, Petroc of Cornwall, Quirinus of Sescia, Saturnina, June 4 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
An Eastern Orthodox feast honoring several saints, including Filippo Smaldone and Francis Caracciolo.
Birthday ofC. G. E. Mannerheim,Marshal of Finlandand theflag flying dayof theFinnish Defence Forces(Finland)
Commemorates the birth of Finnish military leader C. G. E. Mannerheim and serves as a Finnish Defence Forces flag flying day.
Emancipation DayorIndependence Day, commemorates the abolition ofserfdomin Tonga by KingGeorge Tupouin 1862, and the independence of Tonga from theBritish protectoratein 1970. (Tonga)
Tonga’s dual celebration of the abolition of serfdom in 1862 and its independence from British protection in 1970.
International Day of Innocent Children Victims of Aggression(International)
An international observance recognizing the plight of children who suffer from armed conflict and aggression.
National Unity Day (Hungary)
Hungary’s day to celebrate unity among the Hungarian people across borders and to remember shared heritage.
Trianon Treaty Day(Romania)
Remembers the signing of the 1920 Treaty of Trianon which reshaped Romania’s borders after World War I.
Tiananmen Square Protests of 1989 Memorial Day(International)
Global memorial for the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and tribute to those who sacrificed their lives for freedom.
Day of state symbols in the Republic of Kazakhstan.
A day in Kazakhstan dedicated to celebrating and honoring the national symbols of Kazakhstan: flag, anthem, and coat of arms.
Filippo Smaldone
Events
King Charles VI grants a monopoly for the ripening of Roquefort cheese to the people of Roquefort-sur-Soulzon as they had been doing for centuries.
In 1411, King Charles VI of France granted the people of Roquefort-sur-Soulzon an exclusive monopoly on maturing Roquefort cheese, formalizing a centuries-old tradition.
1525 Bayham Abbey riot; Villagers from Kent and Sussex, England riot and occupy Bayham Old Abbey for a week in protest against Cardinal Thomas Wolsey's order to suppress the monastery in order to fund two colleges founded by him.
In 1525, villagers from Kent and Sussex occupied Bayham Old Abbey for a week in protest against Cardinal Wolsey's decree to suppress the monastery to fund his colleges.
The steeple of St Paul's, the medieval cathedral of London, is destroyed in a fire caused by lightning and is never rebuilt.
A lightning strike ignited a devastating fire that destroyed the medieval steeple of St Paul's Cathedral in London in 1561.
Siege of Osaka: Forces under Tokugawa Ieyasu take Osaka Castle in Japan.
In 1615, Tokugawa Ieyasu's forces captured Osaka Castle, effectively ending the last resistance of the Toyotomi clan.
Battle of Hohenfriedberg: Frederick the Great's Prussian army decisively defeated an Austrian army under Prince Charles Alexander of Lorraine during the War of the Austrian Succession.
At the Battle of Hohenfriedberg in 1745, Frederick the Great's Prussian forces routed the Austrians under Prince Charles of Lorraine.
Great Upheaval: New England planters arrive to claim land in Nova Scotia, Canada, taken from the Acadians.
In 1760, New England settlers arrived in Nova Scotia to claim lands vacated by expelled Acadians during the Great Upheaval.
The Montgolfier brothers publicly demonstrate their montgolfière (hot air balloon).
The Montgolfier brothers publicly unveiled their hot air balloon, marking the birth of man-carrying aviation.
Élisabeth Thible becomes the first woman to fly in an untethered hot air balloon. Her flight covers four kilometres (2.5 mi) in 45 minutes, and reached 1,500 metres (4,900 ft) altitude (estimated).
Élisabeth Thible became the first woman to fly in an untethered hot air balloon, soaring over Lyons in 1784.
Captain George Vancouver claims Puget Sound for the Kingdom of Great Britain.
Captain George Vancouver claimed Puget Sound for Great Britain in 1792, expanding British territorial claims in the Pacific Northwest.
Births
Harsha
Harsha (590–647) was the Emperor of Kannauj who united northern India in the early 7th century.
Philippa of England
Philippa of England (1394–1430) was Queen consort of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden as wife of King Eric of Pomerania.
Antoine
Antoine (1489–1544) was the Duke of Lorraine who navigated complex alliances during the Italian Wars.
George Heriot
George Heriot (1563–1624) was a celebrated Scottish goldsmith, jeweler to King James VI and entrepreneur.
Claudia de' Medici
Claudia de' Medici (1604–1648) was an Italian archduchess who served as regent of Tyrol and Further Austria.
Zacharie Robutel de La Noue
Zacharie Robutel de La Noue (1665–1733) was a French colonial captain active in New France.
François Quesnay
François Quesnay (1694–1774) was a French economist and physician who founded the Physiocratic school.
Benjamin Huntsman
Benjamin Huntsman (1704–1776) was an English inventor who revolutionized steel production with the crucible process.
George III (1738–1820) was King of Great Britain and Ireland who reigned during the American Revolution.
Deaths
Shōmu
Emperor Shōmu was the 45th monarch of Japan who reigned from 724 to 749. He is celebrated for his devout patronage of Buddhism and for commissioning the Great Buddha statue at Todai-ji in Nara.
Charles
Charles served as Archbishop of Mainz during the mid-9th century. He was a prominent church leader and advisor to the Carolingian emperors.
Li Xi
Li Xi served as a chancellor during the late Tang Dynasty. He is noted for his administrative skill and efforts to curb the power of regional warlords.
Guaimar II (Gybbosus)
Guaimar II, nicknamed Gybbosus, was a 10th-century Lombard prince of Salerno in southern Italy. He ruled from 901 until his death in 946.
Muhammad III of Shirvan
Muhammad III was the Shirvanshah who ruled the kingdom of Shirvan in the mid-10th century, overseeing a period of relative stability. He led the region through diplomatic relations with neighboring powers and patronized local arts.
Conrad II
Conrad II was Holy Roman Emperor from 1027 until his death in 1039 and founder of the Salian dynasty. He strengthened imperial authority and initiated reforms that laid the groundwork for medieval imperial governance.
Władysław I Herman
Władysław I Herman was Duke of Poland from 1079 to 1102 and a member of the Piast dynasty. His reign was marked by internal challenges and the consolidation of ducal authority.
Magnus I, also known as Magnus the Strong, was a 12th-century Scandinavian prince who claimed the throne of Sweden. His contested rule reflected the complex dynastic politics of the era.
Emperor Huizong of Song was the eighth ruler of the Northern Song dynasty, celebrated for his cultural patronage and tragic fall. His reign ended with the Jingkang incident and his captivity by the Jurchen invaders.