June 07

Born in 1422, Federico da Montefeltro became one of the most successful mercenary leaders of 15th-century Italy. He served various Italian states and defended the Papal States against rival powers. His strategic acumen and loss of his right eye in a tournament made him a legendary figure. As Duke of Urbino, he transformed his court into a center of Renaissance culture by commissioning art and architecture from masters like Piero della Francesca. He established an impressive library and academy that attracted scholars and artists. His reign brought prosperity and prestige to Urbino until his death in 1482.

Born in 1561, John VII of Nassau-Siegen traveled extensively to study military engineering in Italy and the Low Countries. He authored 'Idea Nova Architecturae Militaris,' a landmark work on modern fortification techniques. As Count of Nassau-Siegen, he implemented defensive reforms in his territories and advised various European rulers. His designs emphasized angled bastions and improved bastion trace. His theoretical work bridged Renaissance military thought and the emerging science of siege warfare. He died in 1623, leaving a lasting impact on military engineering practices.

Douglas Campbell (1896–1990) was the first American pilot to shoot down a German aircraft during World War I, earning him the status of flying ace. He flew with the U.S. Army Air Service and completed over 120 combat missions. Campbell’s bravery in aerial combat earned him the Medal of Honor, the Distinguished Service Cross, and other decorations. After the war, he continued his military career and contributed to training future pilots. Campbell later worked in civilian aviation and remained active in veteran affairs. His pioneering role in early aerial warfare cemented his legacy in military aviation history.