June 07

Events

421day.year

Emperor Theodosius II marries Aelia Eudocia at Constantinople (Byzantine Empire).

Emperor Theodosius II weds Aelia Eudocia in Constantinople, solidifying an important dynastic alliance in the Byzantine Empire.
Theodosius II, ruler of the Eastern Roman Empire since 408, marries Aelia Eudocia on June 7, 421 in Constantinople. Born as Athenais in Athens, she took the Christian name Eudocia upon her conversion to Orthodoxy. This union enhanced the cultural and political ties between the imperial court and the Greek intellectual elite. As empress, Eudocia became known for her patronage of churches, literature, and charitable works. Their marriage influenced the artistic and religious life of Byzantium for decades. The ceremony underscored the continued significance of imperial marriage in early medieval politics.
421 Theodosius II Aelia Eudocia Constantinople Byzantine Empire
879day.year

Pope John VIII recognises the Duchy of Croatia under Duke Branimir as an independent state.

Pope John VIII recognizes the Duchy of Croatia under Duke Branimir, granting it papal endorsement as an independent state.
On June 7, 879, Pope John VIII formally acknowledges Duke Branimir's authority over the Duchy of Croatia. This recognition marked the first papal endorsement of Croatian sovereignty, distancing the region from Frankish influence. Branimir had consolidated power and fortified ties with Rome to protect his realm from external threats. The papal bull underscored Croatia's Christian identity and its strategic importance in the Adriatic. The event laid groundwork for the medieval Croatian kingdom and cemented its place among European polities. It remains a milestone in Croatian national history.
879 Pope John VIII Duchy of Croatia Branimir
1002day.year

Henry II, a cousin of Emperor Otto III, is elected and crowned King of Germany.

Henry II is elected and crowned King of Germany, becoming the first ruler of the Salian dynasty.
Following the death of Emperor Otto III, the German princes convene to select his successor, electing Henry II on June 7, 1002. A cousin of Otto III, Henry secures support through his lineage and vows to uphold imperial traditions. He is crowned at Mainz Cathedral and begins his reign with a focus on consolidating royal authority. Henry's rule marks the rise of the Salian dynasty, which will influence the Holy Roman Empire for over a century. He codifies laws and strengthens imperial control over church appointments. His reign sets important precedents for medieval German governance.
1002 Henry II Otto III King of Germany
1099day.year

First Crusade: The Siege of Jerusalem begins.

The Crusaders begin the Siege of Jerusalem in a decisive campaign of the First Crusade to capture the holy city.
On June 7, 1099, Crusader forces reach and encircle Jerusalem, initiating a siege that will last until July. The army, composed of knights, infantry, and volunteers from across Western Europe, builds siege engines and fortifications. They face fierce resistance from Fatimid defenders inside the city walls. After weeks of bombardment and skirmishes, the Crusaders breach the defenses on July 15, leading to the city's fall. The siege culminates in brutal fighting and significant casualties on both sides. The capture of Jerusalem transforms the Crusader states and reverberates throughout Christendom and the Islamic world.
1099 First Crusade Siege of Jerusalem
1420day.year

Troops of the Republic of Venice capture Udine, ending the independence of the Patria del Friuli.

Venetian troops storm and seize Udine, bringing the Patria del Friuli under the Republic of Venice's rule.
Troops of the Republic of Venice capture the city of Udine on June 7, 1420, ending the independence of the Patria del Friuli. Venice's expansionist policy aims to secure its mainland borders against rival Italian states. The annexation follows negotiations and a brief military campaign that encounters limited resistance. Udine's fall integrates Friulian territories into Venice's Terraferma, boosting its strategic position in northeastern Italy. The local nobility is compelled to swear allegiance to the Venetian doge, reshaping regional governance. This conquest exemplifies Venice's growing dominance on land as well as at sea.
1420 Republic of Venice Udine Patria del Friuli
1494day.year

Spain and Portugal sign the Treaty of Tordesillas which divides the New World between the two countries.

Spain and Portugal sign the Treaty of Tordesillas, dividing the newly discovered lands outside Europe between the two powers.
On June 7, 1494, representatives of Spain and Portugal convene in Tordesillas to delineate their colonial spheres following the Age of Discovery. The treaty establishes an imaginary meridian 370 leagues west of the Cape Verde islands. Lands east of the line are assigned to Portugal, including parts of Africa and Asia, while lands to the west fall under Spanish claim. This agreement aims to resolve mounting disputes over newly encountered territories. Ratified by both crowns and later the Pope, it shapes the geopolitical map of the New World. The treaty influences colonial borders and European rivalries for centuries to come.
1494 Spain Portugal Treaty of Tordesillas New World
1628day.year

The Petition of Right, a major English constitutional document, is granted the Royal Assent by Charles I and becomes law.

King Charles I grants Royal Assent to the Petition of Right, enshrining key civil liberties into English law.
On June 7, 1628, Charles I formally approves the Petition of Right, a constitutional document addressing unlawful taxation and arbitrary imprisonment. Presented by Parliament, it asserts that no taxes can be levied without parliamentary consent and no subject may be detained without cause. The petition also protests against the billeting of soldiers and the use of martial law. By assenting to this petition, the king acknowledges limits on royal authority. Although later tensions lead to civil war, the document becomes a cornerstone of English constitutionalism. Its principles resonate in subsequent legal developments, including the Habeas Corpus Act.
1628 Petition of Right major English constitutional document Royal Assent Charles I
1640day.year

Corpus de Sang in Barcelona: Catalan reapers rioted against Spanish Royal soldiers and officers, killing the Viceroy of Catalonia, Dalmau de Queralt. Escalation of hostilities between the Principality of Catalonia and the Spanish Monarchy, leading to the Reapers' War.

Catalan reapers revolt in the Corpus de Sang riot in Barcelona, killing the Viceroy and igniting the Reapers' War.
On June 7, 1640, rural workers known as reapers clash with Spanish royal troops in Barcelona, triggering the Corpus de Sang (Blood Corpus) riot. Frustrated by oppressive taxation and quartering of soldiers, the protesters attack and kill Viceroy Dalmau de Queralt. The violence escalates tensions between the Principality of Catalonia and the Spanish Monarchy. Catalan institutions rally behind the revolt, leading to a broader conflict known as the Reapers' War. France soon enters the struggle, allying with Catalan forces against Spain. The uprising challenges Habsburg control and shifts the balance of power in the Iberian Peninsula.
1640 Corpus de Sang Barcelona Viceroy of Catalonia Dalmau de Queralt Principality of Catalonia Spanish Monarchy Reapers' War
1654day.year

Louis XIV is crowned King of France.

The boy king Louis XIV is crowned in Reims, beginning a reign that will define French absolutism.
On June 7, 1654, Louis XIV is crowned King of France at the Cathedral of Reims at the age of fifteen. Under the regency of his mother, Anne of Austria, and the guidance of Cardinal Mazarin, he assumes the throne during a period of internal strife. Louis’s coronation symbolizes the continuity of the Bourbon dynasty and the monarchy's divine right. Over the next decades, he will centralize power and cultivate a lavish court at Versailles. His reign, lasting 72 years, becomes synonymous with absolute monarchy. Louis XIV's policies and cultural patronage leave a lasting imprint on France and Europe.
1654 Louis XIV France
1692day.year

Port Royal, Jamaica, is hit by a catastrophic earthquake; in just three minutes, 1,600 people are killed and 3,000 are seriously injured.

A catastrophic earthquake devastates Port Royal, Jamaica, resulting in widespread destruction and heavy casualties.
On June 7, 1692, a powerful earthquake strikes Port Royal, Jamaica, known then as a notorious pirate haven. In minutes, liquefaction causes much of the city to sink into the sea, burying buildings and docks. Contemporary accounts report over 1,600 deaths and thousands injured amid the chaos. Survivors recount panicked escapes and the collapse of major structures, including naval facilities. The disaster prompts colonial authorities to relocate the capital to Spanish Town. Port Royal's decline marks the end of its golden age and highlights the island’s vulnerability to seismic events.
1692 Port Royal, Jamaica catastrophic earthquake
1776day.year

Richard Henry Lee presents the "Lee Resolution" to the Continental Congress. The motion is seconded by John Adams and will lead to the United States Declaration of Independence.

Richard Henry Lee proposes independence at the Continental Congress, a pivotal step toward the Declaration of Independence.
On June 7, 1776, Virginia Delegate Richard Henry Lee presented the Lee Resolution to the Second Continental Congress, calling for the American colonies' independence from Great Britain. John Adams of Massachusetts seconded the motion, sparking intense debate among the delegates. Over the next few days, members discussed the pros and cons of severing ties with the Crown. On June 11, a committee was formed to draft a formal declaration, leading directly to the Declaration of Independence adopted on July 4. Lee's bold initiative remains a milestone in the founding of the United States and symbolizes colonial unity and self-determination.
1776 Richard Henry Lee Lee Resolution Continental Congress John Adams United States Declaration of Independence
1788day.year

French Revolution: Day of the Tiles: Civilians in Grenoble toss roof tiles and various objects down upon royal troops.

Civilians in Grenoble clash with royal troops in the Day of the Tiles, an early uprising of the French Revolution.
On June 7, 1788, inhabitants of Grenoble, France, took up roof tiles, stones, and household objects and hurled them at royal soldiers stationed in the city. This spontaneous act of resistance became known as the Day of the Tiles and marked one of the first violent confrontations leading to the French Revolution. The revolt was fueled by outrage over tax reforms and the removal of local parlements. Royal troops were forced to retreat, and news of the uprising spread rapidly. The event demonstrated popular anger toward the monarchy and helped push King Louis XVI to summon the Estates-General the following year. Historians view it as a key moment of popular empowerment in revolutionary France.
1788 French Revolution Day of the Tiles Grenoble