June 07

Observed in the Arica y Parinacota Region of Chile, this day honors the bravery and sacrifice of soldiers in the Battle of Arica on June 7, 1880. The conflict was a key engagement in the War of the Pacific between Chile and the allied forces of Peru and Bolivia. Chilean forces, under Colonel Pedro Lagos, stormed the fortress of Morro de Arica after intense fighting. Despite heavy casualties, the Chilean victory secured a strategic port and influenced the war's outcome. Commemorations include military ceremonies, flag-raising events, and public wreath-laying at memorials. The day serves as a reminder of the region’s historical significance and the valor of those who fought.

On June 7, 1861, Slovak intellectuals and clergy presented the Memorandum of the Slovak Nation in Pressburg (now Bratislava). This historic document called for recognition of Slovak as an official language and greater self-governance. Drafted by figures such as Ľudovít Štúr, it laid the foundation for modern Slovak national identity. Though initially ignored by authorities, the memorandum inspired subsequent movements for cultural and political rights. Commemorations include academic conferences, exhibitions, and public lectures across Slovakia. The observance celebrates Slovak heritage and the enduring pursuit of national autonomy.

Sette Giugno, Italian for 'Seventh of June,' honors the 1919 protests in Valletta where Maltese citizens clashed with British authorities. Originally sparked by economic hardship and demands for political representation, the riots left four protesters dead. The events marked a turning point in Malta’s struggle for self-governance under British colonial rule. Official ceremonies include wreath-laying at the National War Memorial and readings of historic speeches. Educational programs and exhibitions recount the social conditions that led to the uprising. Designated a public holiday in 1975, Sette Giugno celebrates Maltese resilience and pursuit of democracy.

On June 7, 1905, the Norwegian parliament voted to dissolve the 91-year union with Sweden. A national referendum in August later affirmed popular support for full independence. King Haakon VII was subsequently invited to the Norwegian throne, symbolizing a new era. While not an official public holiday, the date is observed with flag raising and historical lectures. Museums and cultural institutions host exhibitions on Norway’s path to sovereignty. The day celebrates democratic decision-making and the peaceful achievement of nationhood.