🎉 Holidays & Observances

Birthday of Leonard P. Howell(Rastafari)

Annual celebration of the birth of Leonard P. Howell, one of the founders of the Rastafari movement.

Bloomsday(Dublin, Ireland)

Bloomsday commemorates the life of Leopold Bloom, the protagonist of James Joyce's Ulysses, with celebrations in Dublin and worldwide.

Christianfeast days:

Aurelianus of Arles, Aureus of Mainz(and his sister Justina), Benno, Cettin of Oran, Curig of Llanbadarn, Ferreolus and Ferrutio, George BerkeleyandJoseph Butler(Episcopal Church), June 16 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics), Lutgardis, Quriaqos and Julietta

Multiple saints and figures are honored in various Christian traditions on June 16th.

Engineer's Day (Argentina)

Engineer's Day in Argentina honors the innovations and achievements of engineers nationwide.

Father's Day(Seychelles)

Father's Day in Seychelles honors fathers and paternal bonds with family gatherings and community events.

International Day of the African Child(Organisation of African Unity)

International Day of the African Child raises awareness of the challenges faced by African children and celebrates their resilience.

Martyrdom of Guru Arjan Dev(Sikhism)

Martyrdom of Guru Arjan Dev marks the sacrifice of the fifth Sikh Guru, who compiled the Adi Granth.

Sussex Day(Sussex)

Sussex Day celebrates the history, culture, and heritage of the English county of Sussex.

Youth Day (South Africa)

Youth Day in South Africa commemorates the 1976 Soweto Uprising and honors young people's role in freedom and democracy.

📅 Events

632

Yazdegerd III ascends the throne as king (shah) of the Persian Empire. He becomes the last ruler of the Sasanian dynasty (modern Iran).

In 632, Yazdegerd III ascended the Persian throne as the last shah of the Sasanian Empire.

1407

Ming–Hồ War: Retired King Hồ Quý Ly and his son King Hồ Hán Thương of Hồ dynasty are captured by the Ming armies.

In 1407, during the Ming–Hồ War, the retiring King Hồ Quý Ly and his heir were captured by Ming forces, ending Hồ dynasty rule in Vietnam.

1487

Battle of Stoke Field: King Henry VII of England defeats the leaders of a Yorkist rebellion in the final engagement of the Wars of the Roses.

At Stoke Field in 1487, King Henry VII decisively crushed the last major Yorkist rising, effectively ending the Wars of the Roses.

1632

The Plymouth Company granted a land patent to Thomas Purchase, the first settler of Pejepscot, Maine, settling at the site of Fort Andross.

In 1632, the Plymouth Company granted Thomas Purchase a patent to settle at Pejepscot (now Brunswick, Maine), establishing colonization at the site of Fort Andross.

1745

War of the Austrian Succession: New England colonial troops under the command of William Pepperrell capture the Fortress of Louisbourg in Louisbourg, New France (Old Style date).

In 1745, New England militia led by William Pepperrell seized the strategic Fortress of Louisbourg from the French during the War of the Austrian Succession.

1746

War of the Austrian Succession: Austria and Sardinia defeat a Franco-Spanish army at the Battle of Piacenza.

At the Battle of Piacenza in 1746, Austrian and Sardinian armies secured a key victory over Franco-Spanish forces in the War of the Austrian Succession.

1755

French and Indian War: The French surrender Fort Beauséjour to the British, leading to the expulsion of the Acadians.

In 1755, British forces captured Fort Beauséjour, prompting the deportation of Acadian inhabitants during the French and Indian War.

1760

French and Indian War: Robert Rogers and his Rangers surprise French held Fort Sainte Thérèse on the Richelieu River near Lake Champlain. The fort is raided and burned.

In 1760, Robert Rogers and his famed Rangers conducted a surprise raid on Fort Sainte Thérèse, burning it to the ground during the French and Indian War.

1779

American Revolutionary War: Spain declares war on the Kingdom of Great Britain, and the Great Siege of Gibraltar begins.

In 1779, Spain declared war on Great Britain in the American Revolutionary War, initiating the protracted Great Siege of Gibraltar.

🎂 Births

1139

Emperor Konoe of Japan

Emperor Konoe was the 76th emperor of Japan, ascending the throne at age three and reigning during the late Heian period.

1139 - 1155
1332

Isabella de Coucy

English daughter of Edward III of England

Isabella de Coucy was an English princess of the 14th century, daughter of King Edward III of England.

1332 - 1379
1454

Joanna of Aragon

Queen of Naples

Joanna of Aragon was Queen consort of Naples and a diplomatic figure who strengthened ties between Aragon and Naples.

1454 - 1517
1514

John Cheke

English academic and politician, English Secretary of State

John Cheke was an English humanist scholar and statesman, serving as the first Regius Professor of Greek at Cambridge and Secretary of State to King Edward VI.

1514 - 1557
1516

Yang Jisheng

Ming dynasty official and Confucian martyr

Yang Jisheng was a Ming dynasty official renowned for his moral integrity and dedication to Confucian principles, ultimately executed for protesting imperial corruption.

1516 - 1555
1583

Axel Oxenstierna

Swedish politician, Lord High Chancellor of Sweden

Axel Oxenstierna was a Swedish statesman who served as Lord High Chancellor and effectively governed Sweden during the Thirty Years' War and Queen Christina's minority.

1583 - 1654
1591

Joseph Solomon Delmedigo

Greek-Italian physician, mathematician, and theorist

Joseph Solomon Delmedigo was a Greek-Italian polymath, renowned as a physician, mathematician, and theorist, and a student of Galileo.

1591 - 1655
1606

Arthur Chichester

1st Earl of Donegall, Irish soldier and politician

Arthur Chichester was an Irish soldier and politician who served as the 1st Earl of Donegall and played a key role in the governance of 17th-century Ireland.

1606 - 1675
1613

John Cleveland

English poet and educator

John Cleveland was an English poet and educator, famed for his satirical royalist verses during the English Civil War.

1613 - 1658

🕊️ Deaths

840

Rorgon I

Frankish nobleman

A 9th-century Frankish nobleman who served as Count of Maine and founded the Rorgonid dynasty.

924

Li Cunshen

general of Later Tang

A general of the Later Tang dynasty renowned for his loyalty and military leadership during the Five Dynasties period.

862 - 924
956

Hugh the Great

Frankish nobleman

A powerful 10th-century Frankish noble, Duke of the Franks, and father of Hugh Capet, founder of the Capetian dynasty.

898 - 956
1185

Richeza of Poland

queen of León

A medieval Polish princess who became queen consort of León, forging alliances between Poland and the Iberian kingdoms.

1286

Hugh de Balsham

English bishop

A 13th-century English bishop of Ely known for founding Peterhouse, Cambridge's oldest college, and promoting clerical reform.

1332

Adam de Brome

founder of Oriel College, Oxford

Founder of Oriel College, Oxford and influential academic administrator in the early 14th century.

1361

Johannes Tauler

German mystic theologian

A German Dominican mystic theologian whose sermons influenced the Rhineland mysticism movement.

1397

Philip of Artois

Count of Eu, French soldier

Count of Eu and French nobleman who fought in the Hundred Years' War and was wounded at the Battle of Nicopolis.

1358 - 1397
1424

Johannes Ambundii

archbishop of Riga

Archbishop of Riga in the early 15th century who navigated political and religious conflicts in medieval Livonia.

🎁 Birth Symbols

Birthstone

6月16日のPearlの画像
Pearl
June birthstone, organic gem long loved as ocean's treasure, symbolizing purity and elegance.
6月16日のMoonstoneの画像
Moonstone
June birthstone with mystical shine like moonlight, symbolizing love and intuition.
6月16日のAlexandriteの画像
Alexandrite
June birthstone, rare gem that changes color with light, symbolizing change and fortune.

Zodiac Sign

6月16日のGeminiの画像
Gemini
An intellectual and versatile air sign symbolized by the twins, known for curiosity and adaptability.

Birth Monster (Mytho-Digital Creature)

6月16日のHydro Meditatorの画像
Hydro Meditator
A meditator resonating with raindrops, reading water's memories. Understanding both the blessing and melancholy of the rainy season.

Birth Stationery

6月16日のHighlighterの画像
Highlighter
A guiding stationery that illuminates important words and brings clarity to clouded minds under the dim rainy season sky.

Birth Element (Hyper-Periodic Element)

6月16日のOxygenの画像
Oxygen
A dual-natured element essential for life's respiration yet possessing the power to transform substances through oxidation

Birth Tea

6月16日のRooibos Teaの画像
Rooibos Tea
The miraculous red tea from South Africa. Caffeine-free with abundant minerals and antioxidants, offering sun-like warmth to clear rainy season blues.

Birth Coffee

6月16日のIced Coffeeの画像
Iced Coffee
A slowly brewed coffee rapidly chilled with ice, uniquely developed in Japan as a summer staple.

Birth Cheese

6月16日のSaint-Nectaireの画像
Saint-Nectaire
A cheese made from milk of cows grazing on volcanic soil in France's Auvergne region. Features earthy aromas reminiscent of rain-soaked earth.

Birth Chocolate

6月16日のNama Chocolateの画像
Nama Chocolate
A Japanese-originated chocolate with abundant fresh cream, featuring a delicate and ephemeral melt-in-mouth texture. A truly living presence sensitive to rainy season humidity.

Birth Bread

6月16日のRye Breadの画像
Rye Bread
Traditional dark bread from Northern and Eastern Europe with moist texture and deep flavor, boasting excellent preservation that withstands even June's humidity

Birth Fragrance

6月16日のAquaticの画像
Aquatic
A transparent water fragrance reminiscent of the refreshing feeling after rain.

Birth Algorithm

6月16日のRegularization Algorithmの画像
Regularization Algorithm
An intelligent system that prevents overfitting and extracts essential patterns

Birth Cognitive Bias (Mind's Quirk)

6月16日のRumination Effectの画像
Rumination Effect
A cognitive bias characterized by repetitive thinking patterns about problems and worries, where thoughts circle endlessly like the persistent rains of the rainy season.

Birth Drink

Princeton
A person with childlike wonder and curiosity

Birth Flower

Bellflower
Hope 、 Gratitude 、 Sincerity
Japanese Stewartia
Lovely person 、 Fleeting beauty 、 Melancholy
Peony
Bashfulness 、 Modesty 、 Purity
Tuberose
Dangerous pleasure 、 Sensual 、 Queen of the night