🎉 Holidays & Observances

Christianfeast day:

Aaron(Syriac Christianity), BlessedAntonio Rosmini-Serbati, Felix of Como, Junípero Serra, Julius and Aaron, Leontius of Autun, Servanus, Veep, July 1 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics), Feast of the Most Precious Blood of Our Lord Jesus Christ(removed from officialRoman Catholiccalendar since 1969)

A collective observance of multiple Christian feast days honoring saints across traditions on July 1.

Armed Forces Day (Singapore)

A day to honor and recognize the Singapore Armed Forces and their dedication to national defense.

Bobby BonillaDay (United States)

An unofficial observance marking the day baseball player Bobby Bonilla receives his annual deferred payment from the New York Mets.

Canada Day, formerlyDominion Day(Canada)

A national day celebrating the anniversary of Canadian Confederation on July 1.

Children's Day (Pakistan)

A national observance in Pakistan dedicated to promoting the rights and welfare of children on July 1.

Chinese Communist Party Founding Day(China)

The annual celebration of the founding of the Chinese Communist Party on July 1, 1921.

Day of Officials and Civil Servants(Hungary)

A day honoring Hungary's public officials and civil servants for their contributions to effective governance.

Doctors' Day (India)

A national observance honoring medical professionals and their contributions to healthcare in India.

Emancipation Day(Sint MaartenandSint Eustatius)

A day marking the abolition of slavery in Sint Maarten and Sint Eustatius on July 1.

📅 Events

69

Tiberius Julius Alexander orders his Roman legions in Alexandria to swear allegiance to Vespasian as Emperor.

Roman legions in Alexandria pledge loyalty to Vespasian, tipping the balance in Rome's Year of the Four Emperors.

552

Battle of Taginae: Byzantine forces under Narses defeat the Ostrogoths in Italy, and the Ostrogoth king, Totila, is mortally wounded.

Byzantine forces under Narses crush the Ostrogoths at Taginae, mortally wounding their king Totila in 552.

1097

Battle of Dorylaeum: Crusaders led by prince Bohemond of Taranto defeat a Seljuk army led by sultan Kilij Arslan I.

Crusaders led by Bohemond secure a hard-fought victory against the Seljuks at Dorylaeum in 1097.

1431

The Battle of La Higueruela takes place in Granada, leading to a modest advance of the Kingdom of Castile during the Reconquista.

Castilian forces press into Granada after winning the Battle of La Higueruela during the 1431 Reconquista.

1520

Spanish conquistadors led by Hernán Cortés fight their way out of Tenochtitlan after nightfall.

Hernán Cortés and his men stage a daring nocturnal escape from Tenochtitlan in 1520's Noche Triste.

1523

Jan van Essen and Hendrik Vos become the first Lutheran martyrs, burned at the stake by Roman Catholic authorities in Brussels.

Jan van Essen and Hendrik Vos become the first Lutheran martyrs, burned at the stake in Brussels in 1523.

1569

Union of Lublin: The Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania confirm a real union; the united country is called the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth or the Republic of Both Nations.

Poland and Lithuania unite as the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth under the Union of Lublin in 1569.

1643

First meeting of the Westminster Assembly, a council of theologians ("divines") and members of the Parliament of England appointed to restructure the Church of England, at Westminster Abbey in London.

The Westminster Assembly convenes at Westminster Abbey to reform the Church of England in 1643.

1690

War of the Grand Alliance: Marshal de Luxembourg triumphs over an Anglo-Dutch army at the battle of Fleurus.

Marshal de Luxembourg defeats an Anglo-Dutch force at the Battle of Fleurus during the 1690 War of the Grand Alliance.

🎂 Births

1311

Liu Bowen

Chinese military strategist, statesman and poet

Chinese military strategist and statesman who aided the founding of the Ming dynasty and composed influential poetry.

1311 - 1375
1464

Clara Gonzaga

Italian noble

Italian noblewoman of the Renaissance-era House of Gonzaga known for her cultural patronage and political alliances.

1464 - 1503
1481

Christian II of Denmark

King of Denmark and Norway from 1513 to 1523 and briefly King of Sweden from 1520 to 1521.

1481 - 1559
1506

Louis II of Hungary

King of Hungary and Bohemia from 1516 until his death at the Battle of Mohács in 1526.

1506 - 1526
1534

Frederick II of Denmark

King of Denmark and Norway from 1559 to 1588, noted for his patronage of astronomer Tycho Brahe and conflicts with Sweden.

1534 - 1588
1553

Peter Street

English carpenter and builder

English master carpenter and builder active in late 16th-century London known for his expertise in timber construction.

1553 - 1609
1574

Joseph Hall

English bishop and mystic

English bishop and devotional writer noted for his moral essays and satirical works.

1574 - 1656
1586

Claudio Saracini

Italian lute player and composer

Italian composer and virtuoso lute player of the early Baroque era known for his expressive monodies.

1586 - 1630
1633

Johann Heinrich Heidegger

Swiss theologian and author

Swiss Reformed theologian and academic author influential in 17th-century Protestant scholasticism.

1633 - 1698

🕊️ Deaths

552

Totila

Ostrogoth king

King of the Ostrogoths who led Gothic resistance against the Byzantine reconquest of Italy in the 6th century.

992

Heonjeong

Korean queen

Queen consort of the Goryeo dynasty of Korea known for her influence at court during the early Goryeo period.

966 - 992
1109

Alfonso VI

king of León and Castile

King of León and Castile who expanded Christian rule in medieval Spain and famously captured Toledo in 1085.

1040 - 1109
1224

Hōjō Yoshitoki

regent of the Kamakura shogunate of Japan

Second regent (shikken) of Japan's Kamakura shogunate who strengthened the Hōjō clan's power in the early 13th century.

1163 - 1224
1242

Chagatai Khan

Mongol ruler

Second son of Genghis Khan who ruled the Chagatai Khanate and upheld his father's laws across Central Asia.

1183 - 1242
1277

Baibars

Egyptian sultan

Mamluk Sultan of Egypt famed for defeating the Mongols at Ain Jalut and expelling the Crusaders from the Levant.

1223 - 1277
1287

Narathihapate

Burmese king

Last sovereign of Burma's Pagan Empire whose reign saw the collapse of his kingdom under Mongol invasions.

1238 - 1287
1321

María de Molina

queen of Castile and León

Queen consort and regent of Castile and León who secured her family's throne through strategic diplomacy and guardianship.

1348

Joan

English princess

English princess whose life was tragically cut short during the Black Death in the mid-14th century.

🎁 Birth Symbols

Birthstone

7月01日のRubyの画像
Ruby
July's birthstone harboring passionate red flames, the queen of gems symbolizing victory and love.
7月01日のSpheneの画像
Sphene
July's new birthstone with rainbow brilliance surpassing diamond, a rare gem symbolizing talent development.

Zodiac Sign

7月01日のCancerの画像
Cancer
A water sign ruled by the moon, known for emotional depth, love for family, and strong intuition.

Birth Monster (Mytho-Digital Creature)

7月01日のStarfest Genieの画像
Starfest Genie
A spirit wrapped in stardust and festival fervor, possessing the power to grant wishes. Freely travels between heaven and earth.

Birth Stationery

7月01日のGel Penの画像
Gel Pen
An expressive creative writing tool that vividly colors summer wishes and gratitude

Birth Element (Hyper-Periodic Element)

7月01日のNeonの画像
Neon
A noble gas normally inert but emitting brilliant light when electrified, an element adorning urban nights

Birth Tea

7月01日のMint Teaの画像
Mint Tea
A refreshing herbal tea beloved in hot regions like Morocco, embodying the wisdom of cooling the body from within

Birth Coffee

7月01日のAffogatoの画像
Affogato
An Italian dessert coffee where hot espresso is poured over vanilla ice cream, symbolizing the dramatic fusion of hot and cold that represents summer passion and ephemerality.

Birth Cheese

7月01日のFetaの画像
Feta
Greek white cheese preserved in brine, featuring refreshing taste perfect for hot summer. Shines white like stars.

Birth Chocolate

7月01日のSingle Origin Chocolateの画像
Single Origin Chocolate
Distinctive chocolate crafted exclusively from cacao beans of a single origin, purely expressing the unique flavors and terroir of that specific region.

Birth Bread

7月01日のFocacciaの画像
Focaccia
A flat bread originating from Genoa, Italy, symbolizing Mediterranean sunlight through olive oil and herbs, representing festive celebrations.

Birth Fragrance

7月01日のJasmineの画像
Jasmine
The rich and sensual fragrance of white flowers that bloom at night, expressing prayers to the starry sky of Tanabata and the fervor of summer festivals.

Birth Algorithm

7月01日のParallel Processing Algorithmの画像
Parallel Processing Algorithm
An energetic system that processes multiple tasks simultaneously like a summer festival, maximizing efficiency

Birth Cognitive Bias (Mind's Quirk)

7月01日のPeak-End Ruleの画像
Peak-End Rule
A cognitive bias that evaluates entire experiences based on peak and end impressions

Birth Drink

Blue Lagoon
One who finds charm in a stable world

Birth Flower

Begonia
happy days 、 (red) precious memories 、 (white) kindness 、 (pink) politeness
Feijoa
passionate heart 、 fruitful life 、 satisfied
Ice Plant
laziness 、 relaxed mood 、 distinguished service 、 broad-minded love
Clematis
beauty of spirit 、 traveller's joy 、 ingenuity
Poppy
(red) consolation 、 (red) gratitude 、 compassion 、 premonition of love