July 01

On July 1, 1862, the Library of the Moscow Public Museum was inaugurated, marking the foundation of what would become the Russian State Library, the largest library in Russia and one of the largest in the world. Initially serving museum visitors, it soon expanded its collections to include rare manuscripts, maps, and scholarly works. The library played a crucial role in preserving Russian cultural heritage by acquiring significant historical documents and literature. Over the decades, it evolved into a national research center, supporting scholars across numerous disciplines. Its grand neoclassical building became an architectural landmark in Moscow. Today, the Russian State Library houses millions of items and remains a symbol of the nation’s intellectual legacy.

On July 1, 1879, preacher Charles Taze Russell released the inaugural issue of The Watchtower magazine, laying the groundwork for the Bible Student movement and later the Jehovah’s Witnesses. The publication offered biblical commentary, prophetic insights, and guidance for Christian living. Russell used the magazine to disseminate his interpretations of scripture and to challenge mainstream religious doctrines. Early editions focused on themes of moral reform, prophecy fulfillment, and the imminence of divine judgment. Over time, The Watchtower became one of the most widely distributed religious periodicals in the world. Its launch marked a new era of religious publishing and outreach efforts.

On July 1, 1924, the National War Memorial was unveiled in St. John’s, Newfoundland, by Field Marshal Douglas Haig. The monument honored members of the Royal Newfoundland Regiment who suffered devastating losses at Beaumont-Hamel during the first day of the Battle of the Somme. Its unveiling coincided with the Somme anniversary, providing a solemn remembrance for the 86 percent of the regiment killed or wounded. Designed by sculptor Basil Gotto, the memorial features a lone caribou statue atop a granite column, symbolizing Newfoundland’s sacrifice. The ceremony drew veterans, government officials, and grieving families to pay tribute. The memorial remains a powerful symbol of Newfoundland’s wartime heritage and collective memory.

On July 1, 1980, 'O Canada' was proclaimed the official national anthem of Canada, replacing 'God Save the Queen' during formal ceremonies. Originally composed in 1880 by Calixa Lavallée with French lyrics by Adolphe-Basile Routhier, the song gained popularity over the decades in both English and French versions. The 1980 proclamation, passed by the National Anthem Act, formalized its status and lyrics, promoting bilingual recognition. 'O Canada' embodies national identity, reflecting Canada's cultural heritage, values, and unity. It is performed at sports events, public gatherings, and official functions, fostering patriotism and national pride.

In response to concerns over violent and mature content in Hollywood films, the Motion Picture Association of America launched the PG-13 rating on July 1, 1984. This new classification warned audiences that some material may be inappropriate for children under 13. The move followed backlash against films like Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom for their intensity. PG-13 quickly became a staple of the film rating system, offering greater flexibility for filmmakers and clearer guidance for parents. Over the decades, it has been applied to thousands of movies, shaping production decisions and marketing strategies. Critics and supporters have debated its impact on creative expression and audience expectations. Today, PG-13 remains one of the most widely recognized and used ratings worldwide.