July 09
Overview
Holidays & Observances
Arbor Day(Cambodia)
Cambodia's Arbor Day on July 9 mobilizes communities nationwide to plant trees and promote environmental conservation.
ChristianFeast Day:
Agilulfus of Cologne, Amandina of Schakkebroek(one ofMartyrs of Southern Hunan), BlessedMarija Petković, Everilda, Gregorio Grassi(one ofMartyrs of Shanxi), Martyr Saints of China, Martyrs of Gorkum, Our Lady of Itatí, Our Lady of Peace, Octave of theVisitation, Our Lady of the Rosary of Chiquinquirá, Pauline of the Agonizing Heart of Jesus, Stephen Langton, Archbishop of Canterbury (Anglican commemoration), Veronica Giuliani, July 9 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
A diverse group of saints, martyrs, and Marian memorials are observed in Christian churches on July 9.
Constitution Day (Australia)
Australia's Constitution Day on July 9 commemorates the passage of the Commonwealth Constitution Act in 1900.
Constitution Day (Palau)
Palau's Constitution Day celebrates the adoption of its constitution on July 9, 1981, marking a key step toward independence.
Constitutionalist RevolutionDay (São Paulo)
Constitutionalist Revolution Day on July 9 commemorates the 1932 uprising in São Paulo demanding Brazil's constitutional rule.
Day of the Employees of the Diplomatic Service(Azerbaijan)
Azerbaijan celebrates its diplomats on July 9, honoring their service in representing the nation abroad.
Independence Day, celebrates the declaration of independence of theUnited Provinces of South Americaby theCongress of Tucumánin 1816. (Argentina)
Argentina's Independence Day on July 9 marks the 1816 declaration of independence from Spain by the Congress of Tucumán.
Independence Day, celebrates the independence ofSouth SudanfromSudanin 2011.
South Sudan Independence Day on July 9 commemorates the young nation's secession from Sudan in 2011.
Nunavut Day(Nunavut)
Nunavut Day on July 9 celebrates the creation of Canada's largest territory in 1999 and acknowledges Inuit self-governance.
Events
Hadrian, who became emperor a year previously on Trajan's death, makes his entry into Rome.
Roman Emperor Hadrian made his triumphant entry into Rome in 118 AD, marking the consolidation of his rule.
The end of the First Council of Christian bishops convened in Constantinople by the Roman emperor Theodosius I.
The First Council of Constantinople, convened by Theodosius I, concluded in 381, shaping early Christian doctrine.
Odoacer makes a night assault with his Heruli guardsmen, engaging Theoderic the Great in Ad Pinetam. Both sides suffer heavy losses, but in the end Theoderic forces Odoacer back into Ravenna.
In 491, Odoacer launched a nighttime assault against Theoderic the Great near Pinetam, resulting in heavy losses on both sides.
A major earthquake strikes Beirut, triggering a devastating tsunami that affects the coastal towns of Byzantine Phoenicia, causing thousands of deaths.
A massive earthquake struck Beirut in 551, triggering a devastating tsunami that ravaged Byzantine Phoenician coastal towns.
Korean forces under general Kim Yu-sin of Silla defeat the army of Baekje in the Battle of Hwangsanbeol.
In 660, Silla forces under General Kim Yu-sin defeated Baekje at the Battle of Hwangsanbeol, a pivotal moment in Korean unification.
The 8.4–9.0 Mw Sanriku earthquake strikes the area around Sendai in northern Honshu, Japan. Inundation from the tsunami extended several kilometers inland.
The 869 Sanriku earthquake and ensuing tsunami devastated the Sendai region in northern Honshu, inundating coastal plains.
The Fatimid general Jawhar leads the Friday prayer in Fustat in the name of Caliph al-Mu'izz li-Din Allah, thereby symbolically completing the Fatimid conquest of Egypt.
Fatimid general Jawhar led Friday prayers in Fustat in 969, symbolizing the completion of Egypt's conquest under Caliph al-Mu'izz li-Din Allah.
Emperor Charles IV assists in laying the foundation stone of Charles Bridge in Prague.
Emperor Charles IV laid the foundation stone for Prague's Charles Bridge in 1357, initiating one of medieval Europe's greatest engineering feats.
The Old Swiss Confederacy makes great strides in establishing control over its territory by soundly defeating the Duchy of Austria in the Battle of Sempach.
In 1386, the Old Swiss Confederacy achieved a decisive victory over the Duchy of Austria at the Battle of Sempach.
Births
Emperor Kameyama
Emperor Kameyama (1249–1305) was the 90th Emperor of Japan, reigning from 1259 to 1274.
Frederick IV of Baden
Frederick IV of Baden (1455–1517) was a Roman Catholic bishop in the Netherlands during the late 15th and early 16th centuries.
Dorothea of Saxe-Lauenburg
Dorothea of Saxe-Lauenburg (1511–1571) was queen consort of Denmark and Norway as the wife of King Christian III.
Elisabeth of Austria
Elisabeth of Austria (1526–1545) was Archduchess of Austria and became Queen of Poland and Grand Duchess of Lithuania.
Thomas West
Thomas West, 3rd Baron De La Warr (1577–1618) was an English soldier and the first colonial governor of Virginia.
Ferdinand II
Ferdinand II (1578–1637) was Holy Roman Emperor from 1619 to 1637 and a leading figure of the Counter-Reformation.
Emperor Reigen
Emperor Reigen (1654–1732) was the 112th Emperor of Japan, reigning from 1663 to 1687.
Philip Livingston
Philip Livingston (1686–1749) was an influential American merchant and colonial politician in New York.
Alexis Piron
Alexis Piron (1689–1773) was a French poet and playwright known for his sharp epigrams and comedic works.
Deaths
Empress Dowager Bian
Empress Dowager Bian (159-230) was the wife of the warlord Cao Cao and posthumously honored as Empress Dowager of the Cao Wei state.
Anastasius I Dicorus
Anastasius I (c.430-518) was Byzantine emperor from 491 to 518, renowned for his fiscal reforms and administrative reorganization.
Naga
Prince Naga (637-715) was a Japanese imperial prince of the Asuka period and son of Emperor Tenmu.
Ariwara no Narihira
Ariwara no Narihira (825-880) was a celebrated Heian-period waka poet whose life inspired the classic Tales of Ise.
Ramiro Garcés
Ramiro Garcés (d.981) was the first king of Viguera, a small medieval realm in northeastern Spain.
Guido of Ravenna
Guido of Ravenna (d.1169) was an Italian cartographer and historian noted for his early studies of geography and natural history.
Stephen Langton
Stephen Langton (c.1150-1228) was an English cardinal and Archbishop of Canterbury who played a pivotal role in the Magna Carta’s creation.
Stephen Báncsa
Stephen Báncsa (d.1270) was the first Hungarian cardinal and important papal diplomat in the 13th century.
Leopold III
Leopold III (1351-1386), known as Leopold the Just, was Duke of Austria who died fighting Swiss forces at the Battle of Sempach.