July 13
Overview
Holidays & Observances
Christianfeast day:
Abd-al-Masih, Abel of Tacla Haimonot(Coptic Church), Clelia Barbieri, Conrad Weiser(Episcopal Church (USA)), Eugenius of Carthage, Henry II, Holy Roman Emperor, Jacobus de Voragine, Mildrithof Thanet, Our Lady Mystical Rose, Silas(Catholic Church), Teresa of the Andes, July 13 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
A collective celebration in Christian liturgical calendars honoring a variety of saints, martyrs, and holy figures on July 13. Worshippers commemorate these individuals through services, prayers, and reflection on their legacy.
Feast of Kalimát, first day of the seventh month of theBaháʼí calendar. (Baháʼí Faith)
The Feast of Kalimát marks the beginning of the seventh month in the Baháʼí calendar, emphasizing the importance of divine words and spiritual reflection. Baháʼí communities gather for prayer, readings, and fellowship on this day.
Statehood Day (Montenegro)
Montenegro celebrates Statehood Day on July 13, commemorating the formal recognition of its sovereignty at the Congress of Berlin in 1878.
The last day ofNaadam(Mongolia)
The final day of Mongolia’s Naadam Festival brings together wrestling, archery, and horse racing to celebrate the nation’s nomadic heritage.
Kashmir Martyrs' Day(Pakistan)
Kashmir Martyrs’ Day on July 13 honors those who sacrificed their lives in a 1931 uprising against oppressive rule in the region.
Abd-al-Masih
Saint Abd-al-Masih’s feast day on July 13 commemorates the life of an early Christian martyr celebrated for his unwavering faith.
Abel of Tacla Haimonot(Coptic Church)
July 13 is the feast day of Saint Abel of Tacla Haimonot, revered in the Coptic Orthodox Church for his piety and devotion.
Clelia Barbieri
The feast day of Saint Clelia Barbieri on July 13 celebrates the life of Italy’s youngest founder of a religious congregation.
Conrad Weiser(Episcopal Church (USA))
July 13 honors Conrad Weiser in the Episcopal Church, remembering his role as a missionary and mediator in colonial America.
Events
William I of Scotland, a key rebel in the Revolt of 1173–74, is captured at Alnwick by forces loyal to Henry II of England.
In 1174, William I of Scotland, a leader in the Revolt of 1173–74, was captured at Alnwick by forces loyal to Henry II of England.
Coronation of Alexander III as King of Scots.
In 1249, Alexander III ascended to the Scottish throne with his coronation as King of Scots.
The Livonian Order suffers its greatest defeat in the 13th century in the Battle of Durbe against the Grand Duchy of Lithuania
In 1260, the Livonian Order suffered its greatest defeat at the Battle of Durbe against the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
Nanjing surrenders to Zhu Di without a fight, ending the Jingnan campaign. The Jianwen Emperor disappears and his family is incarcerated.
In 1402, Zhu Di captured the Ming capital Nanjing without a fight, ending his brother’s reign in the Jingnan campaign.
Battle of Gravelines: In France, Spanish forces led by Count Lamoral of Egmont defeat the French forces of Marshal Paul de Thermes at Gravelines.
Spanish troops under Count Egmont defeated the French at the Battle of Gravelines in 1558.
Eighty Years' War: The Siege of Haarlem ends after seven months.
The seven-month Siege of Haarlem ended with a Spanish victory during the Eighty Years’ War in 1573.
Anglo–Spanish War: A convoy of English ships from the Levant Company manage to repel a fleet of eleven Spanish and Maltese galleys off the Mediterranean island of Pantelleria.
In 1586, English Levant Company ships repelled eleven Spanish and Maltese galleys off Pantelleria.
English Civil War: Battle of Roundway Down: In England, Henry Wilmot, 1st Earl of Rochester, commanding the Royalist forces, heavily defeats the Parliamentarian forces led by Sir William Waller.
Royalists under Henry Wilmot crushed Parliamentarian forces at the Battle of Roundway Down in 1643.
Nine Years' War: French naval forces led by Anne Hilarion de Tourville fresh from their victory at Beachy Head sail West and launch a raid on the small English town of Teignmouth leaving it devastated.
French naval forces under Tourville raided and devastated Teignmouth in 1690 during the Nine Years' War.
Births
Francesco Armellini Pantalassi de' Medici
Italian Renaissance cardinal and papal administrator.
Giulio d'Este
Illegitimate son of Duke Ercole I d'Este known for his sensational feud at the Ferrara court.
John Dee
English-Welsh polymath, advisor to Queen Elizabeth I, and renowned occult scholar.
Arthur Dee
English physician and alchemical scholar, son of John Dee.
Italian pontiff who led the Catholic Church from 1670 to 1676.
French art theorist and translator advocating classical architecture.
Wenceslaus Hollar
Bohemian-born engraver celebrated for his detailed etchings of 17th-century Europe.
Ferdinand III
Holy Roman Emperor who led the Habsburgs through the Thirty Years' War aftermath.
Robert Calder
Scottish admiral noted for his command during the Napoleonic Wars.
Deaths
John III
Pope John III served as head of the Catholic Church from 561 until his death in 574, guiding the Church through challenging times amid the Lombard invasions.
Rui Zong
Emperor Ruizong of the Tang dynasty reigned in two periods (684 and 710–712), navigating court politics under Empress Wu Zetian and his nephew Xuanzong.
Wu Yuanheng
Wu Yuanheng was a Tang dynasty official and poet who served as chancellor under Emperor Xianzong before his assassination in 815.
Huang Chao
Huang Chao was a salt merchant turned rebel who led one of the largest uprisings against the late Tang dynasty, capturing the imperial capitals.
Leo VII
Pope Leo VII led the Catholic Church from 936 to 939, noted for his support of monastic reform and diplomatic efforts.
Gunther
Gunther was the margrave of Merseburg, a frontier province of the Holy Roman Empire in the late 10th century.
Henry I
Henry I was the bishop of Augsburg in the Holy Roman Empire, known for his ecclesiastical leadership and regional influence.
Pandulf II
Pandulf II was a Lombard prince of Capua in southern Italy, co-ruling the principality during a time of shifting alliances.
Landulf IV
Landulf IV was a Lombard prince who co-ruled Capua and Benevento, continuing the legacy of his powerful family.