July 22

Emma Lazarus was a leading American poet of the 19th century whose work blended classical themes with social concerns. She advocated for Jewish refugees and immigrants, giving voice to marginalized communities. Her most famous poem 'The New Colossus' was later engraved on a plaque at the base of the Statue of Liberty. As an educator she supported inclusive schooling and expanded access to literature. Lazarus's passionate writings continue to resonate as symbols of welcome and freedom.

Janusz Korczak was a pioneering pediatrician and early advocate for children's rights in Poland. He ran orphanages where he implemented progressive educational methods and respected children's opinions. As an author he wrote influential works on child psychology and the beloved novel 'King Matt the First'. When the Warsaw Ghetto was established he refused offers of sanctuary and accompanied his orphans to the Treblinka extermination camp, where he perished in 1942. Korczak's unwavering commitment to children has made him a timeless symbol of compassion and sacrifice.

Born July 22, 1884, Odell Shepard was a versatile scholar and statesman who bridged literature and public service. He earned acclaim as a poet and literary critic, publishing collections that explored American themes and imagery. Shepard was a professor of English at Yale University where he influenced generations of students with his insights into poetry and prose. In 1941 he was elected the 66th Lieutenant Governor of Connecticut, serving under Governor Robert Hurley until 1943. Balancing academia and politics, he left a lasting mark on both fields before passing away in 1967. His contributions continue to be celebrated for their impact on American letters and civic life.

Born July 22, 1886, Hella Wuolijoki wrote under the pseudonym Juhani Tervapää and became a central figure in Finnish literature. Her novels and plays often explored social issues and the complexities of human relationships, earning both popular and critical acclaim. Her estate in Hyvinkää served as a gathering place for writers, intellectuals, and political thinkers in the interwar period. During World War II she was involved in resistance activities and used her writing to comment on contemporary events. Works such as "Barbara" and "Kuningas ja keisari" remain staples of 20th-century Nordic literature. She passed away in 1954, leaving a legacy of innovation and courage in storytelling.

A leading figure in Colombia's literary renaissance, León de Greiff co-founded the influential Laureles Group in the 1920s. His baroque style, rich imagery, and playful language distinguished him in poetry and prose alike. He served as a cultural attaché and diplomat, representing Colombia in countries like Spain and India. Alongside his journalism and essays, de Greiff's work bridged modernism and tradition in Latin American literature. His legacy endures in Colombia's schools and literary circles, where his voice continues to inspire.

Stephen Vincent Benét won the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry in 1929 for his epic poem 'John Brown's Body', chronicling the American Civil War. His short story 'The Devil and Daniel Webster' became a classic tale of patriotism and folklore. Educated at Yale University, he served in the United States Army during World War I. Benét's works often explored American history and myth, blending lyrical style with narrative power. Though he died young at 45, his writing influenced generations of poets and storytellers.

Born in New York City, Amy Vanderbilt became an authority on social manners and etiquette in mid-century America. Her landmark book, first published in 1952, sold millions of copies and guided etiquette for generations. Vanderbilt also wrote newspaper columns and hosted radio and television segments on proper conduct. Her practical advice covered everything from table settings to formal correspondence. She remained a household name until her death in 1974, shaping social etiquette across the United States.

César Fernández Ardavín (1923–2012) was a celebrated Spanish film director, producer, and screenwriter whose career spanned over five decades. He gained acclaim for his literary adaptations, including the award-winning 'El Lazarillo de Tormes', which captured the social realities of 16th-century Spain. Ardavín's versatile talents extended to producing and scriptwriting, shaping the narrative and artistic vision of his films. A key figure in Spanish cinema's revival after the Civil War, he collaborated with leading actors and technicians to bring compelling stories to the screen. His commitment to literary fidelity and cinematic innovation earned him numerous national awards. Even after retiring from filmmaking, Ardavín mentored young directors and continued to influence Spanish cultural life.

Jack Matthews (1925–2013) was an American novelist, playwright, and academic whose literary works often delved into Southern identity and historical narratives. He published acclaimed novels and short stories that examined social issues in mid-20th century America, gaining recognition for his vivid characters and insightful prose. As a playwright, Matthews wrote stage productions performed at regional theaters, demonstrating versatility across genres. He served as a professor of English and creative writing at institutions such as the University of Nebraska, where he mentored aspiring writers. His academic research contributed to scholarship on American literature and Southern studies, earning him respect among peers. Matthews received literary awards for his contributions and was dedicated to fostering new talent. His legacy lives on through his writings and the generations of students he inspired.

Bryan Forbes (1926–2013) was a celebrated English actor, screenwriter, director, and producer who left an indelible mark on British cinema. Beginning his career as an actor, he co-wrote the Oscar-nominated screenplay for 'The Angry Silence' (1960), then went on to direct 'Seance on a Wet Afternoon' (1964), earning BAFTA recognition. As head of EMI Films, Forbes championed diverse projects that balanced commercial appeal with artistic integrity. His writing credits include 'The Stepford Wives' (1975), a satirical thriller that has become a cultural touchstone. Throughout his career, Forbes received multiple awards for his contributions to film, including a BAFTA Fellowship. His work is celebrated for its psychological depth, wit, and social commentary, influencing generations of filmmakers.

Per Højholt (1928-2004) was a Danish poet known for his innovative and avant-garde approach to language. His early works embraced modernist techniques, while later he explored sound poetry and cut-ups in performance art. He gained widespread recognition with the long poem 'Gåtugerninger', blending humor and linguistic play. Højholt received numerous literary awards, including the Grand Prize of the Danish Academy. His work challenged traditional poetic forms and influenced generations of Scandinavian writers.

Tom Robbins is an American novelist famous for his witty, surreal prose and offbeat characters. His debut novel, 'Another Roadside Attraction' (1971), quickly gained a cult following and established his reputation. Subsequent works like 'Even Cowgirls Get the Blues' and 'Jitterbug Perfume' further showcased his blend of humor, counterculture themes, and metaphysical musings. Robbins's playful language and philosophical observations have influenced a generation of readers. He studied at Prescott College and Stanford University before embarking on his writing career. Despite his unconventional style, he has achieved commercial success and critical acclaim. Robbins continues to captivate audiences with his imaginative storytelling.