July 24

Nathaniel Lardner (1684–1768) was a leading theological scholar in 18th-century England. He compiled extensive historical research in his multi-volume study defending the credibility of the Gospel narratives. Lardner's meticulous approach relied on patristic sources and contemporary accounts to examine early Christian doctrines. His writings influenced both religious scholars and Enlightenment thinkers interested in historical criticism. He also engaged in intellectual debates on faith and reason, advocating for rational inquiry within theological studies. Today, his works remain a valuable reference for historians and theologians exploring the foundations of Christianity.

Sigismondo Savona (1835–1908) served as a dedicated teacher and school inspector, championing modern pedagogical methods in Malta. He later entered politics, advocating for educational reform, language policy, and social welfare initiatives. Savona held key positions in local government, where he influenced debates on cultural identity and civic development. His efforts helped lay the groundwork for Malta's public education system and strengthened its institutional foundations. Remembered as both an academic and a public servant, he bridged the gap between scholarship and governance. His legacy is reflected in Malta's ongoing commitment to educational excellence.

Sir James Chadwick was a pioneering English physicist celebrated for his discovery of the neutron in 1932, a breakthrough that transformed nuclear physics. He received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1935 for this landmark discovery. Chadwick conducted his research at the Cavendish Laboratory in Cambridge under Ernest Rutherford. During World War II, he played a crucial advisory role in the British and Allied atomic energy projects. He later served as Master of Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge, inspiring future generations of scientists. Chadwick's work laid the foundation for both nuclear power and the atomic bomb, leaving an indelible mark on science and history.

Fritz Albert Lipmann was a pioneering German-American biochemist renowned for his discovery of coenzyme A in 1945, a key molecule in cellular metabolism. He shared the 1953 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for elucidating its critical role in energy production. Lipmann conducted groundbreaking research at the Rockefeller Institute and later served as professor and director of its Schneider Laboratory. His studies on enzyme reactions laid the groundwork for modern biochemical and metabolic research. Beyond his scientific achievements, he mentored numerous students who became leaders in biochemistry. Lipmann's contributions continue to influence our understanding of metabolic processes and human health.

Richard Doll was born in 1912 in England. He studied medicine at Cambridge University and served with the Royal Army Medical Corps during World War II. Doll collaborated with Bradford Hill to conduct the landmark 1950 study linking cigarette smoking to lung cancer. His pioneering research transformed public health policy and led to global anti-smoking campaigns. He later investigated workplace carcinogens and advised governments on cancer prevention. Knighted in 1971, Doll's work saved countless lives by highlighting the dangers of tobacco.

Albert Ellis was born in 1913 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He earned a Ph.D. in clinical psychology from Columbia University in 1947. Ellis introduced rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT) in the 1950s as a bold alternative to psychoanalysis. He challenged irrational beliefs and emphasized practical techniques to improve emotional well-being. Ellis authored over 75 books and numerous articles, influencing therapists worldwide. His charismatic teaching and prolific writing solidified his legacy as a pioneer of modern psychotherapy. Ellis continued to teach and write until his death in 2007.

David Servan-Schreiber was born in France in 1961. He earned his medical degree and a Ph.D. in neuroscience, focusing on brain tumor research. After his own diagnosis with a brain tumor in 2001, he explored lifestyle and integrative treatment approaches. Servan-Schreiber authored the best-selling book 'Anticancer', blending scientific insight with practical advice. His work popularized holistic strategies in oncology and preventive medicine. He lectured internationally on health and wellness until his death in 2011.

Robert Ledley was a trailblazing physiologist and physicist whose work revolutionized diagnostic medicine. In 1973, he developed the first whole-body computed tomography (CT) scanner, enabling noninvasive cross-sectional imaging of internal organs. Ledley's innovations extended to biomedical computing and automated diagnostics, establishing standards still used today. He founded the National Biomedical Research Foundation and authored influential papers on computer applications in medicine. His vision bridged biology and technology, earning him recognition as a pioneer in medical imaging.

Virginia E. Johnson was an American psychologist and sexologist who, together with William H. Masters, revolutionized the field of human sexuality. Born in 1925, she began her work as a lab assistant before becoming a leading researcher on the physiological and psychological aspects of sex. Johnson co-authored groundbreaking books, such as "Human Sexual Response" (1966), that challenged social taboos and informed sexual therapy. Her research introduced the four-stage sexual response cycle and laid the foundation for modern sex therapy. Throughout her career, she lectured widely, appeared on television, and advocated for open, honest conversations about sexual health. She continued her work into her 80s, earning numerous awards and honors for her contributions to psychology and public health.

Dmytro Kiva (1942–2024) was a Ukrainian engineer and designer known for his innovative contributions to industrial machinery. Graduating with a degree in mechanical engineering, he held key positions in several engineering firms across Ukraine. Kiva led the development of pioneering production techniques that improved efficiency and safety in manufacturing. He published numerous papers and held multiple patents in the fields of automation and machine design. His work earned him national awards and recognition within the engineering community. He remained committed to mentoring young engineers until his death in July 2024.