July 28

Hailing from Valencia, Guillén de Castro became one of Spain’s leading dramatists in the early 17th century. His plays combined historical subjects with intense emotional conflicts, as seen in works like “Las Mocedades del Cid.” Castro’s use of poetic language and complex characters influenced French dramatist Pierre Corneille. He enjoyed patronage at the Spanish court and contributed to the flourishing Baroque theatre scene. Despite occasional rivalry with contemporaries, his reputation endured as a major figure of the Siglo de Oro. His death in 1631 marked the end of a career that bridged popular and courtly drama.

Savinien de Cyrano de Bergerac served as a soldier during the Thirty Years’ War and gained notoriety for his dueling skill and flamboyant personality. He wrote groundbreaking satires and fantastical voyages in “The Other World,” envisioning trips to the moon and sun. His fearless wit and outspoken views on religion and philosophy earned him both admiration and controversy. Although not celebrated in his lifetime, his literary innovations influenced later writers in the utopian genre. His legend grew after Edmond Rostand immortalized him as a romantic hero with an oversized nose. Cyrano’s legacy endures in both literature and popular culture.

Publishing his first poems at the age of fifteen, Abraham Cowley quickly gained acclaim for his ingenious metaphysical conceits. He navigated the political turmoil of the English Civil War, writing elegies for Oliver Cromwell and engaging in royalist circles. Cowley’s collection “Poetical Blossoms” and his Pindaric odes showcased his elaborate style and classical influences. Beyond poetry, he authored essays and scientific treatises, reflecting his broad intellectual curiosity. After the Restoration, his works fell out of favor but were rediscovered by later poets like Dryden. Cowley’s blend of personal emotion and philosophical reflection secured his place among the significant figures of his era.

Born in 1778, Clemens Brentano was a key figure of German Romanticism, known for his lyrical poetry and prose. His works include the novel 'Godwi' and the celebrated folk ballads he collected and edited with Achim von Arnim. Brentano’s writing often explored themes of nature, spirituality, and folklore, influencing later Romantic and gothic literature. He maintained close relationships with other literary figures of his era, including his sister Bettina von Arnim and poet Heinrich Heine. Brentano passed away on July 28, 1842, leaving a body of work that remains essential to Romantic literature.

Edogawa Ranpo was a pen name of Tarō Hirai, a pioneering Japanese author and literary critic. He introduced Western-style detective stories to Japan and became known as the father of Japanese mystery fiction. Ranpo's works, including "The Human Chair" and the Detective Kogoro Akechi series, captivated readers with psychological depth and suspense. He also founded modern Japanese detective literature and led the Detective Story Writers Club. His critical essays shaped literary tastes and promoted genre fiction in Japan. Ranpo's influence persists in contemporary Japanese mystery and pop culture.

Zbigniew Herbert (1924–1998) emerged as a leading voice of post-war Polish literature, blending classical allusions with contemporary themes of freedom and ethics. His poetry, often narrated through the persona of Mr. Cogito, explored human conscience and resisted totalitarianism. Herbert also wrote essays on art, culture, and history, drawing on his experiences during the Nazi occupation. His work earned him international acclaim and prestigious awards, including the Georg Büchner Prize. Today, Herbert's precise language and unwavering moral vision continue to inspire readers and writers around the world.

Born in 1943 in Chittagong, Sofa emerged as a leading literary voice during Bangladesh’s formative years. His novels and essays challenged political orthodoxy and gave voice to marginalized communities. Works like "Ekti Ghar-er Naam" and "Gabhi Bittan" showcased his lyrical prose and deep empathy. A prolific critic, he engaged in public debates on culture, identity, and national values. Sofa’s writings continue to inspire writers and activists across South Asia for their moral conviction and artistic excellence. He remains a symbol of intellectual courage and creative integrity in Bengali literature.

Born in Florence in 1938, Terzani spent over three decades as a foreign correspondent across Asia. He covered pivotal events such as the Vietnam War, the fall of Saigon, and China’s economic opening. His books, including "A Fortune-Teller Told Me" and "A Fever in the Heart of Summer," blend travel narrative with philosophical insight. Terzani’s writing is praised for its lyrical style and deep cultural empathy. He challenged Western preconceptions, urging readers to appreciate diverse perspectives. Hasta his death in 2004, Terzani remained a voice of thoughtful dissent against unfettered globalization.

Born in 1948, Gemmell published his debut novel "Legend" in 1984, launching a celebrated career in fantasy literature. His works are characterized by morally complex heroes, epic battles, and themes of sacrifice and redemption. Gemmell’s Drenai series became a touchstone for modern fantasy writers and fans. He received the World Fantasy Award and multiple British Fantasy Society awards for his storytelling. Beyond writing, Gemmell was a passionate supporter of literacy and creative writing initiatives. His legacy endures through a devoted fan community and ongoing influence on the fantasy genre.

Born in 1926 in Dhaka, Mahasweta Devi became one of India's most celebrated literary figures, writing in Bengali and English. Her works, including landmark novels like 'Hajar Churashir Maa' and 'Rudali', explored the lives of tribal and oppressed communities. Devi combined her literary craft with on-the-ground activism, campaigning tirelessly for the rights of Adivasis and marginalized groups. She conducted extensive field research, bringing attention to land rights, labor exploitation, and gender issues. Her fearless storytelling and advocacy earned her numerous honors, such as the Sahitya Akademi Award, Jnanpith Award, and Ramon Magsaysay Award. Devi's legacy endures in her influential writings and her role as a tireless defender of human rights. She passed away in 2016, leaving an indelible mark on literature and social justice movements.

Born in 1932, Francine Pascal began her writing career in television before turning to young adult fiction. She gained worldwide recognition with the launch of the 'Sweet Valley High' series, which followed the adventures of twin sisters Jessica and Elizabeth Wakefield. Pascal further captivated readers with her 'Fear Street' horror novels, blending suspense and relatable teenage drama. Over her prolific career, she authored hundreds of books, many of which were adapted into television shows and films. Her talent for exploring teenage themes with wit and authenticity inspired a generation of readers and writers. Pascal’s work reshaped the landscape of young adult literature and continues to influence the genre.