947day.year
Abu Yazid, a Kharijite rebel leader, is defeated and killed in the Hodna Mountains in modern-day Algeria by Fatimid forces.
Kharijite rebel leader Abu Yazid was defeated and killed by Fatimid forces in the Hodna Mountains, ending a major uprising in North Africa.
Abu Yazid led a powerful Kharijite insurrection against the Fatimid Caliphate, threatening the stability of their North African realm. In 947 AD, Fatimid troops engaged the rebels in the rugged Hodna Mountains of present-day Algeria. After fierce skirmishes, Abu Yazid was killed, forcing the rebels into disarray. His defeat marked the collapse of the uprising and secured Fatimid control over the Maghreb. The victory reinforced the Fatimid dynasty's authority and military prowess, shaping the region's political landscape.
947
Abu Yazid
Kharijite
Hodna Mountains
Algeria
Fatimid
1153day.year
Baldwin III of Jerusalem takes control of the Kingdom of Jerusalem from his mother Melisende, and also captures Ascalon.
King Baldwin III seized royal authority from his mother Melisende and captured the strategic port city of Ascalon, consolidating his rule over Jerusalem.
In 1153, young Baldwin III asserted his sovereignty in the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem by wresting power from his mother, Queen Melisende, after years of co-regency. Determined to prove his leadership, he led a campaign to besiege Ascalon, a vital stronghold on the Mediterranean coast. The city's fall to Baldwin reinforced his political and military credentials, bolstering Jerusalem's defenses. This dual victory ended the joint rule and ushered in a new era under Baldwin's sole reign. It was a pivotal moment in the kingdom's efforts to maintain its foothold in the Levant amidst ongoing conflicts.
1153
Baldwin III of Jerusalem
Kingdom of Jerusalem
Melisende
captures Ascalon
1504day.year
In Ireland, the Hiberno-Norman de Burghs (Burkes) and Cambro-Norman Fitzgeralds fight in the Battle of Knockdoe.
The Hiberno-Norman Burkes clashed with the Cambro-Norman Fitzgeralds at the Battle of Knockdoe, a fierce conflict that shaped Gaelic-Norman relations in Ireland.
On August 19, 1504, rival Norman factions in Ireland met at Knockdoe, in what became one of the bloodiest battles on Irish soil. The Hiberno-Norman Burkes faced the Cambro-Norman forces led by the Fitzgeralds, each vying for regional dominance. Supporters from Gaelic Irish clans joined both sides, underscoring the complex alliances of the time. After hours of brutal combat, the Burkes emerged victorious, altering the balance of power in Connacht. The battle's scale and ferocity left a lasting impression on Irish history and folklore. Knockdoe exemplifies the turbulent interplay of native and Norman interests in late medieval Ireland.
1504
Hiberno-Norman
Cambro-Norman
Battle of Knockdoe
1604day.year
Eighty Years War: a besieging Dutch and English army led by Maurice of Orange forces the Spanish garrison of Sluis to capitulate.
Dutch and English forces under Maurice of Orange captured the Spanish-held port of Sluis, marking a strategic victory in the Eighty Years War.
During the protracted Eighty Years War, Stadtholder Maurice of Orange led a joint Dutch and English army to besiege Sluis in August 1604. The fortified city, held by Spanish troops, endured heavy bombardment and an arduous blockade. After negotiations and dwindling supplies, the Spanish garrison capitulated on August 19, bolstering the Protestant alliance. The conquest of Sluis opened supply lines and hindered Spanish naval operations in the region. This triumph demonstrated Maurice's military ingenuity and contributed to the eventual recognition of Dutch independence. Sluis remained a symbol of the Dutch struggle for sovereignty.
1604
Eighty Years War
Maurice of Orange
Sluis
1666day.year
Second Anglo-Dutch War: Rear Admiral Robert Holmes leads a raid on the Dutch island of Terschelling, destroying 150 merchant ships, an act later known as "Holmes's Bonfire".
Rear Admiral Robert Holmes led a daring raid on the Dutch island of Terschelling, destroying 150 merchant ships in the infamous 'Holmes's Bonfire'.
During the Second Anglo-Dutch War in 1666, Rear Admiral Robert Holmes commanded an English fleet to strike the Dutch port of Terschelling. In the night raid known as ‘Holmes’s Bonfire’, English forces burned and sank some 150 merchant vessels and destroyed warehouses and fishing boats. The assault inflicted heavy economic damage and struck a psychological blow against the Dutch Republic. Celebrated in England as a bold victory, it prompted Dutch defenses to fortify their coastal towns. Despite its success, the raid also galvanized Dutch resolve in the prolonged maritime conflict.
1666
Second Anglo-Dutch War
Robert Holmes
Terschelling
Holmes's Bonfire
1745day.year
Prince Charles Edward Stuart raises his standard in Glenfinnan: The start of the Second Jacobite Rebellion, known as "the 45".
On August 19, 1745, Prince Charles Edward Stuart raised his standard at Glenfinnan, marking the start of the Jacobite Rising known as the '45.
Prince Charles Edward Stuart, known as Bonnie Prince Charlie, landed in Scotland to reclaim the British throne for the House of Stuart. On August 19, 1745, he raised his standard at Glenfinnan, rallying Highland clans to his cause. This act ignited the Second Jacobite Rebellion, commonly referred to as the '45. Despite early victories, the insurgent army was decisively defeated at Culloden in 1746. The uprising had profound effects on Highland society and British political history, leading to harsh reprisals and the eventual decline of the clan system.
1745
Charles Edward Stuart
Glenfinnan
Second Jacobite Rebellion
1745day.year
Ottoman–Persian War: In the Battle of Kars, the Ottoman army is routed by Persian forces led by Nader Shah.
On August 19, 1745, Persian forces under Nader Shah routed the Ottoman army at the Battle of Kars.
The Battle of Kars was a decisive engagement in the Ottoman–Persian War of 1743–1746. Persian Shah Nader led his troops against Ottoman forces near the strategic city of Kars in eastern Anatolia. Utilizing superior tactics and coordination, the Persians overwhelmed the Ottoman lines. The victory secured Persian dominance in the region and forced an Ottoman retreat. This battle highlighted Nader Shah’s military genius and reshaped power dynamics in the Near East.
Ottoman–Persian War
Battle of Kars
Nader Shah
1759day.year
Battle of Lagos: Naval battle during the Seven Years' War between Great Britain and France.
On August 19, 1759, the British Royal Navy won a crucial victory over France at the naval Battle of Lagos.
The Battle of Lagos took place off the coast of Portugal during the global Seven Years’ War. A British fleet under Admiral Edward Boscawen intercepted a French squadron attempting to reinforce their colonies. In a fierce clash, the Royal Navy shattered the French line and captured or destroyed several ships. This victory bolstered British naval supremacy and disrupted French maritime operations. The outcome at Lagos played a key role in securing British colonial interests and influenced the ultimate resolution of the war.
1759
Battle of Lagos
Seven Years' War
1782day.year
American Revolutionary War: Battle of Blue Licks: The last major engagement of the war, almost ten months after the surrender of the British commander Charles Cornwallis following the Siege of Yorktown.
On August 19, 1782, American and militia forces fought the last major Revolutionary War battle at Blue Licks in Kentucky.
The Battle of Blue Licks occurred nearly ten months after Cornwallis’s surrender at Yorktown. Patriot forces, including frontier militia, engaged British and Native American allies in the Kentucky wilds. Confident militia were ambushed and suffered heavy casualties. The battle underscored the ongoing hostilities on the Western frontier even after major Eastern victories. Blue Licks remains one of the final and most poignant clashes of the American Revolutionary War.
1782
American Revolutionary War
Battle of Blue Licks
commander
Charles Cornwallis
Siege of Yorktown
1812day.year
War of 1812: American frigate USS Constitution defeats the British frigate HMS Guerriere off the coast of Nova Scotia, Canada earning the nickname "Old Ironsides".
On August 19, 1812, USS Constitution defeated HMS Guerriere off Nova Scotia, earning the nickname “Old Ironsides.”
During the War of 1812, the American frigate USS Constitution engaged HMS Guerriere in the North Atlantic. A fierce naval duel ensued, and the Constitution’s sturdy hull repelled British cannon fire. American gunners inflicted severe damage on the Guerriere, forcing her surrender. Observers were struck by the sight of British shot bouncing off the Constitution’s timbers, inspiring her moniker “Old Ironsides.” The victory lifted American morale and showcased the effectiveness of the young U.S. Navy.
1812
War of 1812
USS Constitution
defeats
HMS Guerriere
Nova Scotia
1854day.year
The First Sioux War begins when United States Army soldiers kill Lakota chief Conquering Bear and in return are massacred.
The First Sioux War ignites after a deadly clash between United States Army soldiers and Lakota warriors, marked by the killing of Chief Conquering Bear.
The conflict began when US soldiers fatally shot Chief Conquering Bear at Ash Hollow, Nebraska.
Lakota warriors sought revenge and ambushed the soldiers in a fierce retaliatory attack.
This marked the start of the First Sioux War, part of the broader struggle between Native American tribes and US expansion.
Tensions over territory and resources fueled repeated skirmishes across the Great Plains.
The war illustrated the devastating human cost of Manifest Destiny policies.
It set the stage for further conflicts and treaties that reshaped the American West.
1854
First Sioux War
United States Army
Lakota
Conquering Bear
massacred
1862day.year
Dakota War: During an uprising in Minnesota, Lakota warriors decide not to attack heavily defended Fort Ridgely and instead turn to the settlement of New Ulm, killing white settlers along the way.
During the Dakota War of 1862, Lakota warriors bypass Fort Ridgely and attack New Ulm, targeting settlers.
In response to harsh conditions and broken treaties, Dakota and Lakota warriors rose in rebellion across Minnesota.
Opting to avoid the heavily fortified Fort Ridgely, they redirected their assault toward the civilian settlement of New Ulm.
The attack resulted in significant casualties among white settlers and heightened fear throughout the region.
Fort Ridgely later endured its own siege, while New Ulm rebuilt under militia defense.
This phase of the Dakota War underscored the deep-seated grievances over land rights and subsistence failures.
The conflict ultimately led to harsh reprisals and change in federal Indian policy.
1862
Dakota War
Minnesota
Lakota
Fort Ridgely
New Ulm