August 22
Overview
Holidays & Observances
Christianfeast day:
Guinefort, the holygreyhound, feast day traditionally., Immaculate Heart of Mary(Roman Catholic calendar of1960), Queenship of Mary, August 22 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
A group of Christian feast days observed on August 22 in various liturgical traditions.
International Day Commemorating the Victims of Acts of Violence Based on Religion or Belief
A United Nations observance honoring victims of religiously motivated violence and promoting tolerance.
Earliest day on whichNational Heroes' Day (Philippines)can fall, while August 28 is the latest; celebrated on the fourth Monday in August.
National Heroes' Day is a public holiday in the Philippines honoring the bravery and sacrifices of national heroes, observed on the fourth Monday of August.
Flag Day (Russia)
A national holiday in Russia celebrating the adoption of the Russian tricolor flag on August 22, 1991.
Madras Day(ChennaiandTamil Nadu,India)
A local celebration marking the founding of the city of Madras (now Chennai) on August 22, commemorating its history and cultural heritage.
Guinefort, the holygreyhound, feast day traditionally.
The feast day of Saint Guinefort, a legendary greyhound venerated as a folk saint in medieval France.
Immaculate Heart of Mary(Roman Catholic calendar of1960)
A Catholic feast honoring the Immaculate Heart of Mary as celebrated in the 1960 Roman Missal on August 22.
Queenship of Mary
A Catholic feast celebrating Mary’s role as Queen of Heaven, observed on August 22.
August 22 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
A set of commemorations observed by Eastern Orthodox churches on August 22, honoring various saints and events.
Events
Arbogast has Eugenius elected Western Roman Emperor.
In 392, the Frankish general Arbogast elevated Eugenius as Western Roman Emperor, creating a rival court in Gaul.
Battle of Jengland: Erispoe defeats Charles the Bald near the Breton town of Jengland.
In 851, Duke Erispoe of Brittany defeats King Charles the Bald at the Battle of Jengland, securing Breton autonomy.
Battle of the Standard between Scotland and England.
In 1138, Scottish forces under King David I clashed with English troops at the Battle of the Standard, stalling the Scottish invasion.
Crusader–Fatimid wars: The fortress of Ascalon was surrendered by Fatimid Egypt to an army of crusaders, Templars, and Hospitallers led by King Baldwin III of Jerusalem.
In 1153, the fortress of Ascalon fell to crusader forces under King Baldwin III, striking a blow against Fatimid Egypt.
The Battle of Bosworth Field occurs; King Richard III of England's death in battle marks the end of the reigning Plantagenet dynasty and the beginning of the Tudors under Henry VII.
In 1485, Henry Tudor defeated King Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth Field, ending the Wars of the Roses and inaugurating the Tudor era.
Spanish archbishop Bartolomé Carranza is arrested for heresy.
In 1559, Spanish archbishop Bartolomé Carranza was arrested on charges of heresy, igniting controversy within the Catholic Church.
Fettmilch Uprising: Jews are expelled from Frankfurt, Holy Roman Empire, following the plundering of the Judengasse.
On August 22, 1614, radical leader Vincenz Fettmilch expelled Frankfurt's Jewish community amidst a brewing uprising.
Madras (now Chennai), India, is founded by the British East India Company on a sliver of land bought from local Nayak rulers.
In 1639, the British East India Company established a trading post at Madraspatnam, laying the foundations of modern Chennai.
Charles I raises his standard in Nottingham, which marks the beginning of the English Civil War.
On August 22, 1642, King Charles I raised his royal standard at Nottingham, officially igniting the English Civil War.
Births
Frederick II
Frederick II, Elector of Saxony (1412–1464), ruled as a prince-elector in the Holy Roman Empire, known for consolidating Wettin power and fostering stability.
Franz von Dietrichstein
Franz von Dietrichstein (1570–1636) was a Roman Catholic archbishop and cardinal, influential in Habsburg church politics and diplomacy.
Agatha Marie of Hanau
Agatha Marie of Hanau (1599–1636) was a German noblewoman of the House of Hanau, noted for her role in dynastic alliances among the German aristocracy.
Georges de Scudéry
Georges de Scudéry (1601–1667) was a French writer and dramatist, celebrated for his heroic novels and contributions to baroque literature.
Jean Regnault de Segrais
Jean Regnault de Segrais (1624–1701) was a French novelist and poet, admired for his elegant prose and exploration of salon culture.
Denis Papin
Denis Papin (1647–1712) was a French scientist and inventor, best known for developing the pressure cooker and pioneering steam engine concepts.
Pierre Guérin de Tencin
Pierre Guérin de Tencin (1679–1758) was a French churchman who became a cardinal and played a key role in diplomatic and ecclesiastical affairs.
Pope Leo XII (1760–1829), born Annibale della Genga, led the Catholic Church from 1823 to 1829, emphasizing moral rigor and administrative reform.
Charles Percier
Charles Percier (1764–1838) was a French neoclassical architect and interior designer, co-creator of the Empire style and key figure in Napoleonic-era art.
Deaths
Stilicho
A powerful Roman general and magister militum who served Emperor Honorius and defended the Western Roman Empire.
The 76th emperor of Japan who ascended the throne as a child and reigned during the late Heian period.
Pope Gregory IX
Pope from 1227 to 1241 who established the Papal Inquisition and codified church law.
Pope from 1277 to 1280 who reformed church finances and engaged in Italian politics.
John II
Count of Holland from 1299 to 1304 who was involved in regional conflicts with neighboring states.
William II
Frankish Duke of Athens who ruled the Crusader state in Greece during the early 14th century.
The first Valois king of France who ruled during the early Hundred Years’ War.
Queen consort of England and regent who played a key role in deposing her husband, King Edward II.
Eleanor
A Castilian infanta and heir presumptive who died in early childhood.