August 22

Alexander Bogdanov was a multifaceted thinker who trained as a physician and became an influential Marxist revolutionary. He co-founded the Bolshevik faction alongside Lenin before developing his own philosophical system called Tektology, which explored universal organizational principles. Bogdanov saw Tektology as a precursor to modern cybernetics and systems theory. He also led the Proletkult movement, advocating workers’ cultural education. In 1927, he conducted experimental blood transfusions which tragically led to his death. His writings on science, art, and society influenced later scholars in multiple disciplines. Bogdanov’s interdisciplinary approach makes him a key figure in the history of philosophy and organizational studies.

Max Scheler was a German philosopher and author best known for his groundbreaking work in phenomenology and philosophical anthropology. Born in Munich in 1874, Scheler studied with Edmund Husserl and became a leading figure in early 20th-century German philosophy. He published influential works such as "Formalism in Ethics and Non-Formal Ethics of Values" and "The Nature of Sympathy". Scheler developed a theory of value feelings, arguing that emotions reveal the hierarchy of values inherent in human experience. He introduced the concept of "intentionality of love", highlighting the active, value-oriented nature of personal relationships. His writings on ethics and sociology had a lasting impact across philosophy, theology, and social science. Scheler's intellectual legacy continues to influence contemporary debates on ethics, religion, and phenomenological method.