August 27

Lillie conducted pioneering biological research on marine invertebrates during the 1910-1913 expedition. He collected and cataloged Antarctic plankton and sea-ice organisms, expanding scientific knowledge of polar ecosystems. His fieldwork provided critical data on species adaptation to extreme environments. After returning, he continued research at the Marine Biological Association laboratory in Plymouth. He published influential findings that deepened understanding of marine biology. Lillie exemplified the dual roles of scientist and explorer during the Heroic Age of Antarctic exploration.

Krikalev holds the record for the most time spent in space by an individual, with over 803 days. He flew missions on the Mir space station and NASA Space Shuttles, serving as both flight engineer and mission specialist. His career spanned both the Soviet and Russian space programs during a period of significant geopolitical change. Krikalev contributed to the assembly of the International Space Station and conducted vital scientific experiments. After retirement, he served as an advisor to Roscosmos and advocated for international cooperation in space exploration.

Born in Sappada, Italy, Karl Unterkircher was a daring climber who specialized in alpine-style expeditions. In 2004, he completed a first alpine-style ascent of Gasherbrum II's East Face, showcasing his innovative approach. Unterkircher went on to secure the first summit of Nanga Parbat's Italian Route in 2005, earning international acclaim. He also led expeditions to K2 and other Karakoram peaks, pushing the limits of speed and self-sufficiency. Tragically, Unterkircher disappeared in an avalanche on Muztagh Tower in 2008, leaving a legacy of bold exploration and technique.