September 01

Born in the early 1900s, Martha lived her final years at the Cincinnati Zoological Gardens. She represented the tragic decline of the passenger pigeon, once numbering in the billions across North America. Martha's death on September 1, 1914, marked the extinction of her species following widespread hunting and habitat loss. Her passing became a poignant symbol of human impact on wildlife and the fragility of ecosystems. Today, Martha's story motivates conservation efforts and serves as a cautionary tale about species preservation.

Born in Paris in 1898 to the Bourbon-Busset family, Madeleine married Prince Xavier of Bourbon-Parma in 1927, linking two historic royal houses. As Duchess of Parma, she navigated the complexities of exile and dynastic claims following World War I. She was known for her patronage of charitable and cultural institutions across Europe. Through her marriage, she connected the Bourbon-Busset lineage with the Bourbon-Parma claims to the former Grand Duchy. Madeleine and Xavier had several children who continued the family's traditions. She died in 1984, remembered for her dedication to preserving her family's heritage in changing times.

Linda Deutsch (1943–2024) was a pioneering American journalist who spent over 40 years with the Associated Press as a court correspondent. She covered high-profile criminal cases, including the trials of Charles Manson, Patty Hearst, and O.J. Simpson, earning acclaim for her clear, impartial courtroom reporting. Deutsch also reported on Supreme Court decisions and presidential impeachment hearings. In recognition of her outstanding journalism, she received the Lifetime Achievement Award from the White House Correspondents’ Association. After retiring in 2014 as the AP’s longest-serving female reporter, she mentored aspiring journalists and lectured on legal reporting. Deutsch’s meticulous work set standards for courtroom journalism and inspired generations of reporters.