September 11

Born Vinayak Narahari Bhave in Maharashtra, he became a close associate of Gandhi and adopted nonviolent activism as a way of life. In 1951, Bhave launched the Bhoodan movement, persuading landowners to donate land to landless peasants, which evolved into the Gramdan community development effort. He traveled across India on foot, advocating for social justice, self-reliance, and communal harmony. Awarded the Bharat Ratna in 1955, Bhave's teachings emphasized moral regeneration and voluntary service. His legacy endures in grassroots movements that continue to promote land reform and community empowerment.

Theodor Adorno was a German philosopher and sociologist who helped found the Frankfurt School of critical theory. His work explored the intersections of culture, society, and ideology. Adorno co-authored the influential book 'Dialectic of Enlightenment' with Max Horkheimer. He taught at universities in Europe and influenced generations of thinkers. Adorno's writings on music, art, and mass culture remain central to contemporary social theory.