September 25

Prince Morikuni (1301–1333) was appointed shōgun of the Kamakura shogunate in 1308 as a child, though real authority lay with the Hōjō regents. His tenure was marked by internal strife, economic challenges, and weakening central control. In 1333, imperial forces led by Emperor Go-Daigo successfully overthrew the shogunate in what became known as the Kenmu Restoration. Morikuni was deposed and later died in the same year, bringing the Kamakura period to an end. His reign represents the final chapter of military rule under the Hōjō regents.

Jean de Carrouges (1330–1396) was a French knight who served with distinction during the Hundred Years' War under the Count of Anjou. He earned a reputation for bravery in multiple engagements against English forces. In 1386, Carrouges participated in one of France's last legally sanctioned judicial duels against Jacques Le Gris, a trial by combat that captured the public imagination. His victory in the duel affirmed his honor and his wife's allegations. Carrouges continued to fight in subsequent campaigns before his death in 1396, embodying the ideals of chivalric valor.

Jean de Vienne (1341–1396) served as the first Admiral of France and was instrumental in organizing naval defenses against England. He led expeditions that targeted English coastal towns, including raids on Portsmouth and campaigns in the Bay of Biscay alongside Castilian allies. De Vienne introduced innovative ship designs and tactics that strengthened France's naval capabilities. His efforts helped secure vital supply routes and protect French shores during protracted conflict. He died in 1396, leaving a legacy as one of medieval France's most accomplished maritime strategists.

Piero Capponi (1447–1496) was a leading figure of the Florentine Republic, known for his military leadership and diplomatic skill. In 1494, he famously confronted King Charles VIII of France, refusing to yield Florence's liberty and securing more favorable terms for the city. Capponi also commanded Florence's forces in conflicts against neighboring powers to safeguard the republic's interests. His resolute defense of republican ideals made him a celebrated hero among his contemporaries. He died in 1496, leaving a reputation as one of the Renaissance's most principled statesmen.

Born in 1569 into a noble Genoese family, Ambrogio Spinola entered Spanish service and quickly gained renown for his military skill. He commanded forces in the Eighty Years' War and achieved a famous victory at the Siege of Breda in 1625. For this feat he was created Marquis of the Balbases by King Philip IV. Spinola later served as Governor of the Duchy of Milan where he managed both military and diplomatic affairs. His leadership combined tactical innovation with careful siegecraft, making him one of the most respected commanders of his age. He died in Genoa on September 25, 1630, remembered as a master of early modern warfare.

Born in 1658 into the powerful Campbell clan, he succeeded his father as Earl of Argyll and later became the first Duke of Argyll. Campbell supported William of Orange during the Glorious Revolution and commanded royal forces in Scotland. His military leadership helped secure Protestant rule in the kingdom. He held key political positions, including Privy Council member and Governor of Edinburgh Castle. Known for his strategic acumen and loyalty to the new regime, he balanced martial prowess with civic responsibility. He died on September 25, 1703, remembered as a defender of constitutional monarchy.

Born in 1714 in Massachusetts, Bradstreet embarked on a military career in the British colonial forces. He served with distinction in the French and Indian War, leading expeditions into the Ohio Valley and capturing Fort Frontenac in 1758. Bradstreet also participated in later campaigns under General Amherst and Lord Howe. After military service, he remained active in colonial administration and land development in Canada. His leadership in frontier warfare combined diplomacy with martial skill, earning him respect from both British and Native American allies. He died on September 25, 1774, leaving a record of ambitious and often perilous military endeavors.

Born in 1719 in Pennsylvania, William Bradford established one of the colonies' first printing presses and published newspapers that kept colonists informed. He served as an officer in the Pennsylvania militia during the French and Indian War, undertaking expeditions along the frontier. Bradford's newspapers became a platform for political debate and dissemination of news prior to the American Revolution. After his military service, he returned to journalism and helped shape public opinion during a turbulent era. His dual career bridged media and military service, marking him as a versatile colonial leader. He died on September 25, 1791, leaving a legacy in both publishing and defense of the frontier.

Born in Virginia and raised in Illinois, Palmer studied law before the outbreak of the Civil War. He rose to the rank of major general in the Union Army, commanding troops at key battles such as Fort Donelson and Shiloh. After the war, he entered politics as a Republican, serving as Governor of Illinois from 1869 to 1873. Palmer later held a U.S. Senate seat and ran for president in 1896 as a National Democratic candidate. His career bridged military leadership and public service during a transformative era in American history.

Commissioned into the British Army in the mid-19th century, Fremantle advanced through various leadership posts. He took on both military and civil responsibilities in key garrison towns before his appointment as Governor of Malta in 1893. During his governorship, he focused on strengthening the island's defenses and improving local administration. Fremantle's tenure blended strategic defense initiatives with community engagement, reflecting his dual expertise. He retired after a distinguished career, leaving an organized and fortified colonial outpost.

Born in Loughill, County Limerick, Ashe joined the Irish Republican Brotherhood in his youth. He played a leading role in the 1916 Easter Rising as commander of the 5th battalion in Dublin. Captured by British forces, he was sentenced to death, later commuted to penal servitude. On hunger strike in Mountjoy Prison, Ashe was subjected to forcible feeding and died from complications in 1917. His death galvanized public opinion and fueled support for the Irish independence movement.

Born into a military family in Smolensk, Alekseyev graduated from the Nicholas General Staff Academy. He served in the Russo-Turkish War and later as Chief of Staff to Grand Duke Nicholas in World War I. Following the 1917 Revolution, he refused to join the Bolsheviks and organized the Volunteer Army against them. As a founder of the White movement, he sought to restore order during the Russian Civil War. Alekseyev's efforts made him a central figure in early anti-Bolshevik campaigns until his death in exile in 1918.