October 01
Overview
Holidays & Observances
Armed Forces Day (South Korea)
A day to honor the service and sacrifices of South Korea's military forces.
Beginning of the United States'Fiscal Year
Marks the start of the federal government's fiscal year on October 1.
Children's Day(El Salvador,Guatemala,Sri Lanka)
Celebrates the joy and well-being of children in El Salvador, Guatemala, and Sri Lanka.
Christianfeast day:
Abai(Syriac Orthodox Church), Bavo of Ghent, Blessed Edward James, Nicetius(Roman Catholic Church), Remigius, Thérèse of Lisieux, Protection/Patronage of the Theotokos(Eastern Catholic Churches), October 1 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
A Christian observance honoring various saints and feasts across different traditions on October 1.
Day of Prosecutors(Azerbaijan)
An Azerbaijani observance honoring the nation's prosecutors and their role in justice.
Ground Forces Day(Russia)
Honors the history and valor of the Russian Ground Forces on October 1.
Independence Day, celebrates the independence ofCyprusfrom United Kingdom in 1960.
Commemorates Cyprus's independence from British rule on October 1, 1960.
Independence Day, celebrates the independence ofNigeriafrom United Kingdom in 1960.
Marks the anniversary of Nigeria's independence from British colonial rule on October 1, 1960.
Independence Day, celebrates the independence ofPalaufrom UN trust territory status in 1994.
Celebrates Palau's full sovereignty since its separation from the UN trusteeship on October 1, 1994.
Events
Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of Gaugamela.
In 331 BC, Alexander the Great achieves a decisive victory over Darius III at Gaugamela, paving the way for his dominance over Persia.
Pope Damasus I is consecrated.
In 366 AD, Damasus I is consecrated as Pope of the Catholic Church, beginning his impactful papacy in Rome.
Edgar the Peaceful becomes king of all England, in succession to Eadwig.
In 959, Edgar the Peaceful succeeds his brother Eadwig and becomes king of a unified England.
Pope John XIII is consecrated.
In 965, John XIII is consecrated as Pope, presiding over the Church during the Ottonian Renaissance.
The coronation of Queen Mary I of England is held at Westminster Abbey.
On October 1, 1553, Mary I is crowned Queen of England at Westminster Abbey, becoming the first female monarch of the realm.
The coronation of Shah Abbas I of Persia occurs.
In 1588, Abbas I is crowned Shah of Persia, initiating a transformative era in the Safavid Empire.
Ahmed III is forced to abdicate as the Ottoman sultan.
On October 1, 1730, Sultan Ahmed III is deposed, ending the Tulip Era in the Ottoman Empire.
The city of Tampere, Finland (belonging to Sweden at this time) is founded by King Gustav III of Sweden.
In 1779, King Gustav III of Sweden establishes the city of Tampere in what is now Finland, aiming to boost regional trade.
Russians under Alexander Suvorov defeat the Turks at Kinburn.
On October 1, 1787, General Alexander Suvorov leads Russian forces to a key victory over the Ottoman Empire at Kinburn.
Births
Sallust
Ancient Roman historian renowned for his accounts of the Catiline Conspiracy and the Jugurthine War.
Alexander Severus
Roman emperor who ruled from 222 to 235 AD and sought administrative and legal reforms.
King of England from 1216 to 1272, remembered for his long reign and architectural patronage.
Guy XVI
French nobleman who served as Count of Laval and played a role in regional politics during the early 16th century.
Saint Cajetan
Italian Catholic priest and co-founder of the Theatine Order, a key figure in the Catholic Reformation.
Giacomo Barozzi da Vignola
Italian Renaissance architect renowned for designing the Church of the Gesù in Rome and codifying architectural orders.
Dorothy Stafford
English noblewoman and courtier who served as a lady-in-waiting to three Tudor queens.
Johann Jakob Grynaeus
Swiss Reformed theologian and professor who shaped Protestant scholarship in the 16th century.
Álvaro de Mendaña de Neira
Spanish explorer who led expeditions across the Pacific and discovered the Solomon Islands.
Deaths
Tajoom Uk'ab K'ahk'
Mayan king of Calakmul who ruled in the early Classic period and oversaw significant architectural achievements.
Emperor of Japan from 672 to 686 who consolidated imperial authority through legal and administrative reforms.
Richbod
Archbishop of Trier in the early 9th century and a key figure in the Carolingian Renaissance.
Kong Wei
Tang dynasty chancellor praised for administrative skill and integrity during a time of internal turmoil.
Zhou
Empress consort of Former Shu during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms era, known for her cultural patronage and benevolence.
Eadwig
King of England from 955 to 959, remembered for his disputes with the church and his brief, youthful reign.
Artald
Archbishop of Reims in the 10th century who influenced royal politics in West Francia.
Alan III
Duke of Brittany from 1008 to 1040 who maintained his duchy's autonomy and fostered ties with Normandy.
Morphia of Melitene
Armenian-born queen consort of Jerusalem who supported religious and charitable institutions in the early 12th century.