October 08

Born in Paris in 1575, Montchrestien served as a soldier before winning acclaim as a dramatist. His tragedies, such as 'Hector' and 'Sophonisbe', were notable contributions to French theatre. In 1615, he published 'Traité de l'oeconomie politique', pioneering discourse on state economics. Montchrestien's work argued for state intervention and mercantilist policies to strengthen national power. He died in battle in 1621, leaving a diverse legacy spanning literature, military service, and economic thought.

Born in 1707 in Somerset, Henry Fielding began his career writing satirical plays in London. After a theatre licensing act curtailed his stage work, he turned to novel writing with great success. Published in 1749, 'The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling' is considered a landmark of the English novel. Fielding's narrative style combined humor, social commentary, and vivid characterizations. In addition to his literary achievements, he served as a magistrate and helped found the Bow Street Runners. His pioneering work in both literature and law enforcement left a lasting impact on English culture.

Born in 1725 in Nottinghamshire, Kippis studied at the University of Edinburgh before becoming a minister of an independent congregation in London. He was a prolific author and editor, notably contributing to the Biographia Britannica and writing biographies of significant figures. His works on theology, literary criticism, and classical studies were widely read and respected. Kippis also served as a chaplain to charitable institutions and promoted educational reforms. He died in 1795, leaving behind a rich legacy in religious writing and biographical scholarship.

Born in 1889 in West Point, Mississippi. He became a major comedy star of the silent era with high-energy gags and elaborate sets. He wrote, directed, and starred in dozens of short films and features, influencing early Hollywood comedy. Collaborated with legends like Stan Laurel while commanding big budgets for his productions. Despite his success, financial woes plagued him, and he died in poverty in 1928.

Born in 1880 in Lamhi, India, as Dhanpat Rai Srivastava. Under the pen name Premchand, he wrote novels and short stories depicting rural life and social issues. His works, including 'Godaan' and 'Karmabhoomi', highlighted poverty, caste discrimination, and human resilience. A mastermind of social realism, he influenced generations of writers and reformers. He also contributed to early Indian cinema as a screenwriter before his death in 1936.

Born in 1869, Salten became a prominent figure in Vienna's literary circles. He wrote novels, short stories, and critical essays, often exploring themes of nature and humanity. His most famous work, Bambi, A Life in the Woods, offers a poignant coming-of-age tale that resonated worldwide. Salten also distinguished himself as a theater and art critic for leading Viennese publications. His evocative storytelling and keen observational style secured his legacy in 20th-century literature.

Born in 1886, Bosilek became one of Bulgaria's most popular writers of children's stories. His fairy tales, blending whimsy with moral lessons, captivated young readers across the country. He also translated classics from Russian, French, and German into Bulgarian, expanding literary horizons. Bosilek's works remain staples of Bulgarian childhood, celebrated for their warmth and imagination. He played a key role in shaping early 20th-century Bulgarian literature for young audiences.

Born in 1895, Giono served in World War I before turning to writing full time. His debut novel, Colline, established him as a leading voice in 20th-century French literature. Giono's works, including Un Roi sans divertissement and Le Hussard sur le toit, reflect his love of the countryside and pacifist ideals. His prose is marked by poetic language, vivid landscapes, and philosophical depth. Throughout a prolific career, he inspired readers with tales that blend imagination, ecology, and humanity.

Born in 1889, Marcel emerged as one of the pioneers of existentialist thought in the early 20th century. His major work, The Mystery of Being, delves into the nature of existence and the human longing for transcendence. Marcel also wrote plays and essays that explore themes of hope, fidelity, and the sacred in ordinary life. He advocated a philosophy grounded in personal encounter and the experience of presence. His contributions continue to influence contemporary theology, literature, and philosophical discourse.

Born in Lancashire, Lamb began writing professionally in the 1970s and published over 100 novels under various pen names. Her work for Mills & Boon and other publishers broke new ground by exploring complex emotional and social themes within romantic fiction. She created memorable characters who faced real-world challenges, earning her a loyal readership worldwide. Lamb also mentored emerging writers and served as president of the Romantic Novelists' Association. Her vibrant narratives continue to influence the romance genre decades after her death.

Born in 1919, Eileen Crofton dedicated her medical career to public health and became a pioneering anti-smoking campaigner. She co-founded ASH Scotland and championed tobacco control legislation that led to significant reductions in smoking rates. In addition to her activism, Crofton authored several books on public health history and policy. Her work earned her recognition as a leading voice in health promotion. She passed away in 2010, leaving a legacy of lifesaving advocacy and public health reform.

Eric Lomax was born in 1919 and served as a British Army captain during World War II. After being captured and held as a prisoner of war by Japanese forces, he endured harsh conditions and survived significant hardship. Drawing on his experiences, Lomax wrote the acclaimed memoir 'The Railway Man', which detailed his journey from suffering to reconciliation. His book shed light on the plight of POWs and resonated with readers worldwide. Lomax died in 2012, remembered as both a military officer and a powerful storyteller.