October 09
Overview
Holidays & Observances
Christianfeast day:
Abraham, Denis, Dionysius the Areopagite, Ghislain, Innocencio of Mary ImmaculateandMartyrs of Asturias, John Henry Newman, John Leonardi, Luis Beltran, Robert Grosseteste(Church of England), Wilfred Grenfell(Episcopal Church (USA)), October 9 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
An annual Christian celebration honoring several saints and martyrs on October 9, observed by various denominations.
Fire Prevention Day(Canada,United States)
An annual observance dedicated to raising awareness about fire safety and prevention in Canada and the United States.
Hangul Day(South Korea)
South Korea's national holiday celebrating the creation of the Korean alphabet, Hangul, by King Sejong the Great.
Independence Day, celebrates the independence ofUgandafrom United Kingdom in 1962. (Uganda)
A national holiday marking Uganda's independence from the United Kingdom on October 9, 1962.
Independence of Guayaquilfrom Spain in 1820 (Ecuador)
Commemorates the 1820 uprising that liberated Guayaquil from Spanish rule, a key step toward Ecuadorian independence.
Leif Erikson Day(United States, Iceland and Norway)
An observance honoring the Norse explorer Leif Erikson, credited with reaching North America around the year 1000 AD.
National Day of Commemorating the Holocaust(Romania)
Romania's national day of remembrance for the victims of the Holocaust, observed annually on October 9.
NationalNanotechnologyDay (United States)
An annual event in the United States highlighting the science, innovation, and applications of nanotechnology.
Takayama Autumn Festival(Takayama, Japan)
A vibrant local festival in Takayama, Japan, known for its ornate floats and traditional autumn celebrations.
Events
Carloman I and Charlemagne are crowned kings of the Franks.
Carloman I and Charlemagne are jointly crowned kings of the Franks, inaugurating a pivotal era in early medieval Europe.
James I of Aragon founds the Kingdom of Valencia.
King James I of Aragon establishes the Kingdom of Valencia after capturing the city from Muslim rule, reshaping Iberian politics.
The first known mention of the Prague astronomical clock.
The Prague astronomical clock appears in historical records for the first time, foreshadowing a medieval marvel of horology.
The Hangul alphabet is published in Korea.
King Sejong’s court publishes the Hunminjeongeum, introducing Hangul as Korea’s innovative native script.
Troops of the Portuguese Empire are defeated on Sri Lanka, bringing an end to the Campaign of Danture.
Sinhalese forces defeat the Portuguese at Danture, ending the ill-fated Campaign of Danture and preserving local sovereignty.
Kepler's Supernova is the most recent supernova to be observed within the Milky Way.
Johannes Kepler observes a bright new star in the Milky Way, later known as Kepler’s Supernova (SN 1604).
Roger Williams is banished from the Massachusetts Bay Colony after religious and policy disagreements.
Roger Williams is expelled from Massachusetts Bay Colony for championing religious freedom and separation of church and state.
The Collegiate School of Connecticut (later renamed Yale University) is chartered in Old Saybrook.
The Collegiate School of Connecticut is established by charter in Old Saybrook, later becoming Yale University.
Peter the Great defeats the Swedes at the Battle of Lesnaya.
Tsar Peter the Great secures a vital victory against Swedish forces at Lesnaya, shifting momentum in the Great Northern War.
Births
Robert de Sorbon
Robert de Sorbon (1201–1274) was a French theologian and royal chaplain to King Louis IX. He founded the Collège de Sorbonne in 1257, which became the heart of the University of Paris.
Salimbene di Adam
Salimbene di Adam (1221–1290) was an Italian Franciscan friar and historian known for his vivid chronicles. His writings provide invaluable insight into 13th-century European society and the Church.
Denis of Portugal (1261–1325), known as the Farmer King, modernized his realm’s administration and championed agricultural reforms. He also founded the University of Coimbra.
Peter I of Cyprus (1328–1369) was a medieval king known for his daring naval raids against Muslim-held cities. He sought to revive Crusader ambitions in the Eastern Mediterranean.
Claude Gaspard Bachet de Méziriac
Claude Gaspard Bachet de Méziriac (1581–1638) was a French mathematician and translator celebrated for his work on number theory and engaging mathematical puzzles.
Leopold V
Leopold V (1586–1632) was an Archduke of Austria and Habsburg military commander during the Thirty Years’ War. He governed key territories and led imperial forces.
Nicolaes Tulp
Nicolaes Tulp (1593–1674) was a Dutch anatomist, physician, and mayor of Amsterdam, famous for his demonstrations in Rembrandt’s 'The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp'.
Thomas Weston
Thomas Weston, 4th Earl of Portland (1609–1688), was an English nobleman of the Stuart era who managed extensive family estates and participated in court affairs.
Ferdinand Verbiest
Ferdinand Verbiest (1623–1688) was a Flemish Jesuit missionary who became an imperial astronomer and engineer in China. He redesigned observatory instruments and reformed the calendar.
Deaths
Ghislain
7th-century Frankish hermit and founder of the monastic community of Ursidongus.
Al-Tirmidhi
9th-century Persian Islamic scholar who compiled one of the six major Hadith collections.
German bishop who served as Pope Clement II during the Gregorian Reform.
Philip I of Namur
Medieval marquis of Namur who ruled in the early 13th century.
Robert Grosseteste
Influential 13th-century English bishop, philosopher, and early advocate of empirical science.
Elisabeth of Bavaria
Bavarian duchess who became Queen of Germany as the wife of King Conrad IV.
Louis III
Duke of Bavaria and Landgrave of Thuringia at the end of the 13th century.
King of Castile and León from 1379 to 1390, noted for his support of culture and law.
Justus Jonas
German Protestant reformer and scholar who collaborated closely with Martin Luther.