🎉 Holidays & Observances

Air Force Day (Bulgaria)

A day to honor the achievements and history of the Bulgarian Air Force.

Boss's Day(United States)

A day for employees to express appreciation for their supervisors.

Christianfeast day:

Balderic (Baudry) of Monfaucon, Bercharius, Bertrand of Comminges, Colmán of Kilroot (Colman mac Cathbaid), Eliphius, Fortunatus of Casei, Gall, Gerard Majella, Hedwig of Silesia, Hugh Latimer(Anglicanism), Junian (of Saint-Junien), Marguerite Marie Alacoque, Marie-Marguerite d'Youville, Nicholas Ridley(Anglicanism), Silvanus of Ahun, BlessedThevarparampil Kunjachan(Syro-Malabar Catholic Church/Catholic Church), Pope Victor III, October 16 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

Christian feast days commemorate saints, martyrs, and church figures on October 16.

Pope John Paul II Day(Poland)

A national day in Poland to honor the life and legacy of Pope John Paul II.

Death anniversary of Liaquat Ali Khan(Pakistan)

Commemorates the death anniversary of Pakistan's first Prime Minister, Liaquat Ali Khan.

Teachers' Day(Chile)

A day to honor and appreciate teachers across Chile for their dedication.

World Food Day(International)

A United Nations observance highlighting the importance of global food security.

Bu-Ma Democratic ProtestsCommemoration Day (South Korea)

Commemorates the 1979 Bu-Ma Democratic Protests against authoritarian rule in South Korea.

Balderic (Baudry) of Monfaucon

A feast day honoring Saint Balderic of Monfaucon.

📅 Events

456

Ricimer defeats Avitus at Piacenza and becomes master of the Western Roman Empire.

On October 16, 456, the powerful general Ricimer defeated Emperor Avitus at Piacenza, seizing control of the Western Roman Empire.

690

Empress Wu Zetian ascends to the throne of the Tang dynasty and proclaims herself ruler of the Chinese Empire.

In 690, Wu Zetian declared herself emperor, founding the Zhou dynasty and becoming the only female sovereign in Chinese history.

912

Abd ar-Rahman III becomes the eighth Emir of Córdoba.

On October 16, 912, Abd al-Rahman III ascended as Emir of Córdoba, initiating a golden age in al-Andalus.

955

King Otto I defeats a Slavic revolt in what is now Mecklenburg-Vorpommern.

In 955, Otto I crushed a Slavic uprising in the region of modern Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, bolstering his realm's borders.

1311

The Council of Vienne convenes for the first time.

In 1311, Pope Clement V convened the Council of Vienne to address church reform, the Knights Templar, and other key issues.

1384

Jadwiga is crowned King of Poland, although she is a woman.

On October 16, 1384, Jadwiga was crowned 'King' of Poland, becoming the nation's first female monarch under a male title.

1590

Prince Gesualdo of Venosa murders his wife and her lover.

In 1590, Carlo Gesualdo, Prince of Venosa, notoriously murdered his wife and her lover in a scandalous act of vengeance.

1736

Mathematician William Whiston's predicted comet fails to strike the Earth.

On October 16, 1736, William Whiston's predicted comet harmlessly passed by Earth, discrediting his apocalyptic forecast.

1780

American Revolutionary War: The British-led Royalton raid is the last Native American raid on New England.

During the American Revolutionary War on October 16, 1780, the British-led Royalton raid became the last Native American attack in New England.

🎂 Births

1351

Gian Galeazzo Visconti

first Duke of Milan

Italian nobleman and military leader who became the first Duke of Milan and founder of the Visconti dynasty.

1351 - 1402
1396

William de la Pole

1st Duke of Suffolk, English admiral

English nobleman and admiral who served as 1st Duke of Suffolk and was a key figure in King Henry VI's government.

1396 - 1450
1430

James II of Scotland

King of Scots from 1437 who strengthened royal authority and enacted legal reforms.

1430 - 1460
1483

Gasparo Contarini

Italian cardinal and diplomat

Italian cardinal, diplomat, and reformer who played a key role in early Counter-Reformation efforts.

1483 - 1542
1535

Niwa Nagahide

Japanese samurai

Japanese samurai and general who served Oda Nobunaga and helped consolidate his control over central Japan.

1535 - 1585
1588

Luke Wadding

Irish Franciscan friar and historian

Irish Franciscan friar, historian, and founder of the Pontifical Irish College in Rome, notable for his contributions to Catholic scholarship.

1588 - 1657
1605

Charles Coypeau d'Assoucy

French writer and composer

French Baroque writer and composer known for his satirical burlesque poems and chansons.

1605 - 1677
1620

Pierre Paul Puget

French painter and sculptor

French Baroque painter and sculptor celebrated for his dynamic sculptures and architectural designs in Marseille.

1620 - 1694
1678

Anna Waser

Swiss painter

Swiss painter known for her refined portraits and miniatures during the Baroque period.

1678 - 1714

🕊️ Deaths

385

Fu Jian

Chinese emperor

Emperor of the Former Qin state during the Sixteen Kingdoms period, known for unifying northern China and his ambitious reforms.

337 - 385
786

Lullus

archbishop of Mainz

The first permanent archbishop of Mainz and a key missionary in early medieval Germany.

710 - 786
976

Al-Hakam II

Umayyad caliph

The second Umayyad caliph of Córdoba, celebrated for his patronage of learning and culture during al-Andalus's golden age.

915 - 976
1027

Fujiwara no Kenshi

Japanese empress

Japanese empress consort of the Heian period, known for her cultural patronage and influence at court.

994 - 1027
1130

Pedro González de Lara

Castilian magnate

A prominent 12th-century Castilian nobleman and courtier who influenced the politics and military campaigns of early medieval Spain.

1284

Shams al-Din Juvayni

Persian statesman, vizier and minister of finance of the Ilkhanate

A Persian statesman and finance minister who administered the treasury of the Ilkhanate and patronized culture and architecture.

1323

Amadeus V

count of Savoy

Count of Savoy known as 'the Great', who expanded his territories and enhanced trade routes across the Alps.

1249 - 1323
1333

Nicholas V

antipope of Rome

An Italian cleric who claimed the papacy as antipope Nicholas V during a schism in the 14th century.

1260 - 1333
1438

Anne of Gloucester

English noblewoman

An English noblewoman of Plantagenet lineage, noted for her strategic marriages and patronage in 15th-century England.

1383 - 1438

🎁 Birth Symbols

Birthstone

10月16日のOpalの画像
Opal
October's traditional birthstone with rainbow play-of-color, a mystical gem symbolizing fortune and hope.
10月16日のTourmalineの画像
Tourmaline
October's birthstone called 'stone of mixed colors' with diverse hues, electric stone symbolizing hope and friendship.

Zodiac Sign

10月16日のLibraの画像
Libra
The zodiac sign of beauty and love that values balance and harmony, symbolizing sociability and fairness.

Birth Monster (Mytho-Digital Creature)

10月16日のCarnival Shapeshifterの画像
Carnival Shapeshifter
A transformation master changing form with festival fervor, stimulating people's creativity. Knows the truth beneath masks.

Birth Stationery

10月16日のMasking Tapeの画像
Masking Tape
The guardian stationery of October births, embodying duality of decoration and protection, enabling creative expression and temporary transformation.

Birth Element (Hyper-Periodic Element)

10月16日のAluminumの画像
Aluminum
A modern metal that is lightweight yet strong, infinitely recyclable

Birth Tea

10月16日のChai (Masala Chai)の画像
Chai (Masala Chai)
A traditional Indian tea blend with spices and milk, featuring a complex and rich flavor profile created by multiple spices, perfect for warming the body.

Birth Coffee

10月16日のPumpkin Spice Latteの画像
Pumpkin Spice Latte
A North American autumn tradition featuring spices like cinnamon, nutmeg, and cloves with pumpkin flavor, symbolizing October's transformation and harvest joy through creative combinations and limited-time exclusivity.

Birth Cheese

10月16日のMimoletteの画像
Mimolette
French cheese of Dutch origin. Vibrant orange color with bumpy surface reminiscent of lunar landscape, featuring distinctive appearance.

Birth Chocolate

10月16日のOrange Peel Chocolateの画像
Orange Peel Chocolate
An elegant French confection featuring candied orange peel coated with chocolate.

Birth Bread

10月16日のPain de Campagneの画像
Pain de Campagne
French country bread with rustic appearance yet complex flavors and distinctive shape, representing free-spirited nature

Birth Fragrance

10月16日のCinnamonの画像
Cinnamon
A warm, spicy fragrance that stimulates creative energy and expresses the vitality of autumn

Birth Algorithm

10月16日のGenetic Algorithmの画像
Genetic Algorithm
An evolutionary algorithm that mimics biological evolution to creatively search for optimal solutions from diverse candidates

Birth Cognitive Bias (Mind's Quirk)

10月16日のChameleon Effectの画像
Chameleon Effect
A social conformity bias that unconsciously mimics the behaviors and attitudes of surrounding people, creating a natural blending effect within groups

Birth Drink

Chocolate Daiquiri
An ecologist who considers the planet as one living organism

Birth Flower

Liriope
patience 、 hidden heart 、 modesty 、 innocent
Winter Cosmos
I will love you once more 、 harmony 、 sincerity 、 patience
China Root
indomitable spirit 、 become energetic 、 robust 、 vitality
Marigold
(orange) prophecy 、 (orange) sincerity 、 unchanging love 、 lovely affection