🎉 Holidays & Observances

Christianfeast day:

Abdias of Babylon, Abgar Vof Edessa (Eastern Orthodox Church), Eadsige, Faro, Fidelis of Como(RomanCatholic Church), Firmilian, Godwin of Stavelot, Job of Pochayiv(repose) (Eastern Orthodox Church), The ApostlesSimonandJude(Western Christianity), Lord of Miracles(Lima), October 28 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

An annual Christian feast day honoring various saints and apostles, including Simon and Jude, observed in Eastern Orthodox and Roman Catholic traditions.

Day of the Establishment of an Independent Czecho-Slovak State, celebrates the independence ofCzechoslovakiafromAustria-Hungaryin 1918. (Czech RepublicandSlovakia)

A national holiday in the Czech Republic and Slovakia marking the formation of Czechoslovakia from Austria-Hungary in 1918.

International Animation Day(ASIFA)

An international observance celebrating the art and industry of animation, organized by ASIFA.

Ohi Day(Greece,Cyprusand the Greek communities), anational dayin Greece.

A national day in Greece and Cyprus commemorating the Greek refusal of Italian demands in 1940.

Prefectural Earthquake Disaster Prevention Day(Gifu Prefecture)

An annual observance in Gifu Prefecture promoting earthquake preparedness and public safety.

Youth Pledge DayorHari Sumpah Pemuda(Indonesia)

An Indonesian national day commemorating the 1928 Youth Pledge for unity across islands and cultures.

Anniversary of the liberation of Ukraine from the Nazis, celebrating the liberation fromNazi Germantroops of the territory of currentUkraine

A Ukrainian remembrance day marking the end of Nazi occupation during World War II.

Abdias of Babylon

Feast day commemorating Saint Abdias of Babylon in Eastern Orthodox tradition.

Abgar Vof Edessa (Eastern Orthodox Church)

Feast day honoring King Abgar V of Edessa, an early Christian convert.

📅 Events

97

Roman emperor Nerva is forced by the Praetorian Guard to adopt general Marcus Ulpius Trajanus as his heir and successor.

Emperor Nerva adopts Marcus Ulpius Trajanus as his heir under pressure from the Praetorian Guard.

306

Maxentius is proclaimed Roman emperor.

Maxentius seizes power in Rome and proclaims himself emperor in AD 306.

312

Constantine I defeats Maxentius, becoming the sole Roman emperor in the West.

Constantine I defeats Maxentius at the Milvian Bridge and becomes sole Western Roman Emperor.

969

The Byzantine Empire recovers Antioch from Arab rule.

Byzantine forces recapture Antioch from Arab control in AD 969.

1344

The lower town of Smyrna is captured by Latin Christians in response to Aydınid piracy during the Smyrniote crusades.

Latin Christian forces capture the lower town of Smyrna during the Smyrniote Crusades in 1344.

1420

Beijing is officially designated the capital of the Ming dynasty when the Forbidden City is completed.

Beijing is proclaimed the Ming dynasty's capital upon the completion of the Forbidden City in 1420.

1449

Christian I is crowned king of Denmark.

Christian I is crowned King of Denmark in 1449, founding the Oldenburg dynasty.

1453

Ladislaus the Posthumous is crowned king of Bohemia in Prague.

Ladislaus the Posthumous is crowned King of Bohemia in Prague in 1453.

1492

Christopher Columbus lands in Cuba on his first voyage to the New World, surmising that it is Japan.

Christopher Columbus lands on Cuba during his first voyage in 1492, mistaking it for Japan.

🎂 Births

1017

Henry III

Holy Roman Emperor

Henry III was Holy Roman Emperor from 1046 to 1056, known for consolidating imperial authority.

1017 - 1056
1466

Erasmus

Dutch philosopher

Desiderius Erasmus was a Dutch Renaissance humanist, theologian, and scholar, famed for his wit and learning.

1466 - 1536
1479

John Gage

English courtier

John Gage was an English courtier during the Tudor period, serving Henry VIII with loyalty.

1479 - 1556
1510

Francis Borgia

4th Duke of Gandía, Spanish priest and saint, 3rd Superior General of the Society of Jesus

Francis Borgia was the 4th Duke of Gandía who renounced nobility to become a Jesuit priest and later led the order.

1510 - 1572
1550

Stanislaus Kostka

Polish saint

Stanislaus Kostka was a Polish novice whose brief life and devotion inspired his canonization.

1550 - 1568
1585

Cornelius Jansen

Dutch bishop and theologian

Cornelius Jansen was a Dutch theologian and bishop whose ideas sparked the Jansenism movement.

1585 - 1638
1599

Marie of the Incarnation

foundress of the Ursuline Monastery in Quebec

Marie of the Incarnation was a French nun who established the first school for girls in New France.

1599 - 1672
1610

Jacob Kettler

3rd duke of Courland and Semigallia

Jacob Kettler was the ambitious Duke of Courland who expanded his duchy into a colonial power.

1610 - 1682
1667

Maria Anna of Neuburg

Queen consort of Spain

Maria Anna of Neuburg was Queen consort to Charles II of Spain, known for her political influence.

🕊️ Deaths

312

Maxentius

Roman emperor

Maxentius was Roman emperor of the Western Roman Empire from 306 to 312, best known for his conflict with Constantine the Great and defense of Rome.

278 - 312
457

Ibas of Edessa

Syrian bishop

Ibas of Edessa was a 5th-century bishop celebrated for his role in early Christological debates and his disputed deposition and restoration.

816

Beggo

count of Toulouse and Paris

Beggo was a Carolingian nobleman who served as Count of Toulouse and Count of Paris under Charlemagne’s successors.

875

Remigius of Lyon

Frankish archbishop

Remigius of Lyon was a 9th-century archbishop influential in shaping the Frankish Church and its relations with the Carolingian monarchy.

1138

King Bolesław III Wrymouth of Poland

Bolesław III Wrymouth was Duke of Poland who strengthened the Polish state and introduced the Seniorate system dividing his lands among his sons.

1225

Jien

Japanese monk, historian, and poet

Jien was a Tendai Buddhist monk and court historian in Heian Japan, best known for his chronicle Gukanshō and his waka poetry.

1155 - 1225
1266

Saint Arsenije I Sremac

Arsenije I Sremac was the second Archbishop of the autocephalous Serbian Orthodox Church and a devoted disciple of Saint Sava.

1310

Ecumenical Patriarch Athanasius I of Constantinople

Athanasius I was Patriarch of Constantinople known for his vigorous defense of Orthodox traditions against Latin influence and imperial pressure.

1230 - 1310
1312

Elizabeth of Carinthia

Queen of Germany

Elizabeth of Carinthia was Queen consort of Germany and regent known for her diplomatic skill and support of religious institutions.

1262 - 1312

🎁 Birth Symbols

Birthstone

10月28日のOpalの画像
Opal
October's traditional birthstone with rainbow play-of-color, a mystical gem symbolizing fortune and hope.
10月28日のTourmalineの画像
Tourmaline
October's birthstone called 'stone of mixed colors' with diverse hues, electric stone symbolizing hope and friendship.

Zodiac Sign

10月28日のScorpioの画像
Scorpio
A water sign with deep insight and mysterious charm, symbolizing transformation and regeneration.

Birth Monster (Mytho-Digital Creature)

10月28日のCarnival Shapeshifterの画像
Carnival Shapeshifter
A transformation master changing form with festival fervor, stimulating people's creativity. Knows the truth beneath masks.

Birth Stationery

10月28日のMasking Tapeの画像
Masking Tape
The guardian stationery of October births, embodying duality of decoration and protection, enabling creative expression and temporary transformation.

Birth Element (Hyper-Periodic Element)

10月28日のAluminumの画像
Aluminum
A modern metal that is lightweight yet strong, infinitely recyclable

Birth Tea

10月28日のChai (Masala Chai)の画像
Chai (Masala Chai)
A traditional Indian tea blend with spices and milk, featuring a complex and rich flavor profile created by multiple spices, perfect for warming the body.

Birth Coffee

10月28日のPumpkin Spice Latteの画像
Pumpkin Spice Latte
A North American autumn tradition featuring spices like cinnamon, nutmeg, and cloves with pumpkin flavor, symbolizing October's transformation and harvest joy through creative combinations and limited-time exclusivity.

Birth Cheese

10月28日のMimoletteの画像
Mimolette
French cheese of Dutch origin. Vibrant orange color with bumpy surface reminiscent of lunar landscape, featuring distinctive appearance.

Birth Chocolate

10月28日のOrange Peel Chocolateの画像
Orange Peel Chocolate
An elegant French confection featuring candied orange peel coated with chocolate.

Birth Bread

10月28日のPain de Campagneの画像
Pain de Campagne
French country bread with rustic appearance yet complex flavors and distinctive shape, representing free-spirited nature

Birth Fragrance

10月28日のCinnamonの画像
Cinnamon
A warm, spicy fragrance that stimulates creative energy and expresses the vitality of autumn

Birth Algorithm

10月28日のGenetic Algorithmの画像
Genetic Algorithm
An evolutionary algorithm that mimics biological evolution to creatively search for optimal solutions from diverse candidates

Birth Cognitive Bias (Mind's Quirk)

10月28日のChameleon Effectの画像
Chameleon Effect
A social conformity bias that unconsciously mimics the behaviors and attitudes of surrounding people, creating a natural blending effect within groups

Birth Drink

Malibu Pineapple
A beloved eternal lover who is friendly and cherished by people and animals

Birth Flower

Black-eyed Susan Vine
dark eyes 、 beloved one 、 small love
African Marigold
beauty blooming in adversity 、 overcoming despair 、 courage 、 health
Wild Aster
memories 、 I won't forget you 、 farewell 、 resilience
Hop
hope 、 believing heart 、 lightness 、 injustice