1534day.year
English Parliament passes the first Act of Supremacy, making King Henry VIII head of the Anglican Church, supplanting the pope and the Roman Catholic Church.
In 1534, the English Parliament enacts the First Act of Supremacy, declaring King Henry VIII the supreme head of the Church of England.
King Henry VIII's First Act of Supremacy was passed by the English Parliament in November 1534.
This landmark legislation broke England's ties with the Pope and established the monarch as head of the Anglican Church.
By rejecting papal authority, it allowed Henry to control church doctrine, appointments, and wealth within his realm.
The Act transformed the religious landscape of England and sparked the English Reformation.
It led to the dissolution of monasteries and the redistribution of church lands to royal supporters.
The assertion of royal supremacy had profound political and social consequences, reshaping English identity for generations.
1534
the first Act of Supremacy
Henry VIII
Roman Catholic Church
1791day.year
The University of Vermont, the oldest university in Vermont, and fifth-oldest in New England, is chartered.
The University of Vermont, chartered on November 3, 1791, becomes Vermont's oldest university and the fifth-oldest in New England.
On November 3, 1791, the University of Vermont received its charter, establishing it as Vermont's first institution of higher learning.
Founded in Burlington, the university opened its doors to students two years later, fostering education on the American frontier.
As the fifth-oldest university in New England, it played a key role in training civic leaders and professionals.
The institution evolved over centuries, expanding its academic offerings and research initiatives.
UVM became known for its programs in agriculture, medicine, and environmental studies, reflecting regional needs.
Today, the university maintains a strong commitment to public service and innovation in higher education.
1791
University of Vermont
1793day.year
French playwright, journalist and feminist Olympe de Gouges is guillotined.
French feminist trailblazer Olympe de Gouges is executed by guillotine in 1793 during the Reign of Terror.
Olympe de Gouges, a pioneering playwright and advocate for women's rights, was guillotined on November 3, 1793.
She authored the Declaration of the Rights of Woman and the Female Citizen, challenging gender inequalities in revolutionary France.
Her outspoken criticism of the Jacobins and support for social reforms led to her arrest and trial.
De Gouges was convicted of treason and executed, becoming a martyr for feminist and humanist causes.
Her writings laid the groundwork for later women's rights movements and continue to inspire activists.
The fate of Olympe de Gouges highlights the turmoil of the Reign of Terror and the risks facing political dissidents.
1793
feminist
Olympe de Gouges
guillotined
1838day.year
The Times of India, the world's largest circulated English language daily broadsheet newspaper is founded as The Bombay Times and Journal of Commerce.
The Times of India begins as The Bombay Times, launching what would become the world’s largest English daily.
On November 3, 1838, The Bombay Times and Journal of Commerce published its first issue in British India. Catering to the English-speaking community, it quickly gained readership among colonial administrators and commercial circles. Over time, the publication evolved, broadened its coverage, and rebranded as The Times of India. Today, it stands as one of the world’s most widely circulated English-language newspapers. Its origins reflect the growth of the press in the 19th century and the role of journalism in shaping public discourse in India.
1838
The Times of India
English language
broadsheet
newspaper
1868day.year
John Willis Menard (R-LA) was the first African American elected to the United States Congress. Because of an electoral challenge, he was never seated.
John Willis Menard becomes the first African American elected to the U.S. Congress, though he never takes his seat.
In the election held on November 3, 1868, John Willis Menard, a Republican from Louisiana, won a seat in the U.S. House of Representatives. His victory marked a historic milestone as the first African American elected to Congress after the Civil War. However, due to contested election results and political opposition, Menard was never formally seated. His case underscored the racial and partisan tensions during Reconstruction. It paved the way for future African American legislators despite the challenges of the era.
1868
John Willis Menard
United States Congress
1929day.year
The Gwangju Student Independence Movement occurred.
Korean students in Gwangju launch a youth-led protest against Japanese colonial rule.
On November 3, 1929, students at Gwangju High School organized demonstrations against Japanese occupation.
Sparked by police brutality towards a Korean student, the protests quickly spread across the city.
Thousands of young Koreans marched through streets, chanting for national independence.
Despite violent suppression by colonial authorities, the movement emboldened wider resistance.
It captured international attention, inspiring further anti-colonial activism in Korea.
Although crushed within weeks, the Gwangju uprising became a symbol of youth-led defiance.
Its legacy fueled the Korean independence movement until liberation in 1945.
1929
Gwangju Student Independence Movement
1979day.year
Greensboro massacre: Five members of the Communist Workers Party are shot dead and seven are wounded by a group of Klansmen and neo-Nazis during a "Death to the Klan" rally in Greensboro, North Carolina, United States.
During a "Death to the Klan" rally in Greensboro, North Carolina, Klansmen and neo-Nazis open fire on protesters, killing five and injuring seven.
On November 3, 1979, an anti-Klan demonstration led by the Communist Workers Party in Greensboro turned deadly when members of the Ku Klux Klan and neo-Nazi groups fired upon the marchers. The rally aimed to protest a local Klan march, but instead, counter-protesters unleashed gunfire from multiple vehicles. Five activists were killed on the spot, and seven others were wounded. The incident exposed deep-seated racial tensions and the violent tactics of white supremacist organizations. Subsequent trials and civil suits scrutinized law enforcement’s role and alleged complicity. The Greensboro massacre became a symbol of extremist violence and civil rights struggles in late-20th-century America.
1979
Greensboro massacre
Communist Workers Party
Klansmen
neo-Nazis
Greensboro, North Carolina