November 07

Born in 1598 in Fuente de Cantos, Francisco de Zurbarán became a leading artist of the Spanish Golden Age. He was celebrated for his austere monochromatic palette and dramatic lighting that highlighted sacred subjects. Zurbarán produced iconic images of monks, martyrs, and still lifes that blended realism with spiritual intensity. His works adorned monasteries and churches, contributing to the visual identity of Counter-Reformation Spain. Considered a master of religious painting, he died in 1664, leaving a legacy that influenced later generations of artists.

Born in Naples, Carlo Cecere gained recognition as a virtuoso violinist in the courts of Southern Italy. He composed operas, instrumental sonatas, and at least one keyboard concerto, showcasing melodic inventiveness and structural clarity. His music blends Neapolitan lyricism with early galant style, anticipating developments in Classical-era composition. Though many of his works have been lost, surviving manuscripts are preserved in European libraries. Cecere’s contributions offer valuable insight into the transitional period between Baroque and Classical music. He died in Rome in 1761, leaving a modest but influential catalog of vocal and instrumental compositions.

Spencer was born in East Fishkill, New York, and developed a lifelong passion for beautiful handwriting. He traveled widely as a penmanship instructor, promoting his methods in schools, academies, and business colleges. In 1840, he published 'Spencerian Key to Practical Penmanship', codifying his system of graceful, flowing letters. His script became the standard for American business correspondence and personal writing before the advent of typewriters. Schools across the country adopted his manual, ensuring consistency in handwriting education. Spencer’s emphasis on rhythm, form, and discipline influenced generations of penmen and calligraphers. His legacy endures in the study and revival of ornamental script styles.

Ignaz Brüll studied under Simon Sechter and Johann Rufinatscha before establishing himself in Vienna's music scene. A close friend of Johannes Brahms, he composed a popular Piano Concerto in B minor, op. 24, and several operas including "Das goldene Kreuz". His salon performances and teaching at the Vienna Conservatory earned him acclaim. Brüll's music, characterized by lyrical melodies and rich harmonies, was admired in his lifetime and has seen a modern revival. He died in Vienna, leaving a modest but distinguished oeuvre.

Paul Peel was born in London, Ontario, and studied at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts before training in Paris under Jean-Léon Gérôme. He exhibited at the Paris Salon, winning awards for his delicate portraits and genre paintings. Peel's works often depicted mother-and-child subjects in soft light, reflecting his mastery of color and atmosphere. A founding member of the Canadian Art Club, he helped promote professional art in Canada. His promising career was cut short by tuberculosis, and he died at age 31.

Born in Breslau in 1861, Lesser Ury was a prominent figure of German Impressionism and early Expressionism. He studied in Paris and was influenced by the Barbizon school and French Impressionists. Ury is celebrated for his atmospheric night scenes and street views of Berlin. His mastery of light and shadow captured the mood of urban life in the early 20th century. Throughout his career, he exhibited at major galleries and salons across Europe. Despite personal challenges, he remained dedicated to his artistic vision until his death in 1931.

Born in 1872 to a diplomatic family, Leonora Speyer developed a passion for both music and literature. She studied violin in Europe and performed as a concert soloist in prominent venues. In addition to her musical career, Speyer wrote poetry that blended classical themes with modern sensibilities. Her collection Freshwater won the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry in 1927, cementing her literary reputation. She published several volumes of verse that explored nature, mythology, and personal reflection. Speyer’s unique perspective as a musician-poet enriched her poetic imagery and lyrical style. Her work contributed to the cultural dialogue of the early 20th century, bridging art forms. She remained active in artistic circles until her death in 1956.

Born in Chýnov, Bohemia, Jan Matulka emigrated to the United States as a child and became a pivotal figure in early American modernism. He studied at the Art Students League of New York and was associated with Alfred Stieglitz’s '291' gallery, showcasing innovative styles. Matulka experimented with landscapes, abstraction, and cubism, blending European influences with American themes. He taught at the Woodstock Artists Association and influenced a generation of artists through his classes and workshops. His works are held in major museum collections, reflecting his impact on 20th-century American art.

Born in New York City, Armstrong Sperry studied at the Art Students League and traveled extensively in the South Pacific. His firsthand experiences inspired rich, authentic settings in his adventure novels for young readers. In 1941, his book 'Call It Courage' won the Newbery Medal and remains a classic of children’s literature. Sperry both wrote and illustrated over two dozen books, blending captivating narratives with evocative artwork. His stories often explored themes of courage, self-discovery, and respect for diverse cultures.

Born in County Antrim, McGuinness studied at the Metropolitan School of Art in Dublin and Chelsea School of Art in London. She co-founded the White Stag group, championing psychological expressionism in art. Her bold use of color and simplified forms redefined Irish landscape painting. McGuinness exhibited widely across Europe and served as president of the Society of Dublin Painters. Her illustrations also appeared in prominent Irish publications, leaving a lasting mark on modernist art.

Born in Ubá, Minas Gerais, Barroso began composing in his youth and won his first award at age 16. He moved to Rio de Janeiro and became a central figure in the golden age of Brazilian radio. He wrote over 300 songs, including "Aquarela do Brasil" (1939), which became an international anthem of Brazilian pride. Barroso’s music blended infectious samba rhythms with lush orchestral arrangements. He worked as a talent scout and promoter, introducing Brazilian music to global audiences.

Born in Northampton, Alwyn studied under Benjamin Dale at the Royal Academy of Music. He composed across genres, creating orchestral, chamber, and film scores for over 50 movies such as "They Were Sisters." His symphonies and concertos blend romantic lyricism with modernist elements. As a professor of composition, he influenced generations of British composers. He conducted leading orchestras and wrote scholarly articles on musical analysis, leaving a rich legacy.