474day.year
Emperor Leo II dies after a reign of ten months. He is succeeded by his father Zeno, who becomes sole ruler of the Byzantine Empire.
Emperor Leo II of the Byzantine Empire dies after a ten-month reign, and his father Zeno becomes the sole ruler.
Emperor Leo II, the grandson of Leo I, ascended the Byzantine throne at the age of seven but ruled for only ten months. His early death on November 10, 474, shocked the empire. Upon his death, his father Zeno assumed sole control, reversing earlier power-sharing arrangements. Zeno's reign would face significant challenges, including revolts and external threats. This succession marked a turning point in the late Roman Empire's dynastic politics. The abrupt end of Leo II's rule underscored the fragility of child emperors in Byzantine succession.
474
Leo II
Zeno
Byzantine Empire
937day.year
Ten Kingdoms: Li Bian usurps the throne and deposes Emperor Yang Pu. The Wu State is replaced by Li (now called "Xu Zhigao"), who becomes the first ruler of Southern Tang.
Li Bian overthrows Emperor Yang Pu to end the Wu State and establishes the Southern Tang dynasty in southern China.
Li Bian, a former general of the Wu state, seized power in 937 and forced Emperor Yang Pu to abdicate. He declared himself the ruler of a new dynasty known as Southern Tang, taking on the name Xu Zhigao. This coup ended the Wu state and reshaped the power dynamics of the Ten Kingdoms period. Southern Tang would go on to be one of the most prosperous and culturally vibrant of the southern realms. Li Bian's usurpation showcased the era's political fragmentation after the fall of the Tang dynasty. His reign laid the foundations for a stable administration and economic growth in southern China.
937
Ten Kingdoms
Li Bian
Yang Pu
Wu State
Southern Tang
1293day.year
Raden Wijaya is crowned as the first monarch of Majapahit kingdom of Java, taking the throne name Kertarajasa Jayawardhana.
Raden Wijaya is crowned as the first monarch of Java's Majapahit Empire, adopting the regal name Kertarajasa Jayawardhana.
On November 10, 1293, Raden Wijaya was crowned as the first monarch of the Majapahit kingdom on Java, adopting the regal name Kertarajasa Jayawardhana. His rise followed successful battles against the Mongol Yuan fleet and rival Javanese kingdoms. The establishment of Majapahit under his leadership heralded a golden age of Javanese culture, art, and expansion. Kertarajasa's reign laid the administrative and military foundations for Majapahit's future dominance in Southeast Asia. He promoted trade networks reaching as far as India and China. His coronation is celebrated as a pivotal moment in Indonesian history.
1293
Raden Wijaya
Majapahit
Java
1674day.year
Third Anglo-Dutch War: As provided in the Treaty of Westminster, Netherlands cedes New Netherland to England.
Under the Treaty of Westminster, the Dutch Republic formally transfers control of New Netherland to England, reshaping colonial North America.
Pursuant to the Treaty of Westminster on November 10, 1674, the Dutch Republic formally ceded New Netherland to England following the Third Anglo-Dutch War. The transfer ended decades of Dutch colonial presence in North America. Key settlements such as New Amsterdam were renamed, with New York City becoming a cornerstone of British colonial development. The treaty reshaped trade routes and imperial competition in the Atlantic world. English control facilitated the expansion of English law and institutions in the region. The cession of New Netherland marked a significant shift in colonial power between European rivals.
1674
Third Anglo-Dutch War
Treaty of Westminster
New Netherland
England
1775day.year
The United States Marine Corps is founded at Tun Tavern in Philadelphia by Samuel Nicholas.
The United States Marine Corps is established in Philadelphia on November 10, 1775, marking the birth of America’s naval infantry.
Samuel Nicholas established the United States Marine Corps at Tun Tavern in Philadelphia as America’s naval infantry during the Revolutionary War. Originally raised to seize British vessels offshore, the Corps quickly earned a reputation for tenacity and discipline. Tun Tavern served as its unlikely birthplace, symbolizing the resourcefulness of the fledgling nation. Over time, the USMC evolved into a premier expeditionary force known for its motto 'First to Fight'. The founding of the Corps laid the foundation for America’s modern amphibious warfare capabilities and global presence.
1775
United States Marine Corps
founded
Tun Tavern
Philadelphia
Samuel Nicholas
1793day.year
A Goddess of Reason is proclaimed by the French Convention at the suggestion of Pierre Gaspard Chaumette.
During the French Revolution, the Convention proclaims a Goddess of Reason in Paris as part of radical de-Christianization efforts.
At the height of the French Revolution, the National Convention officially declared the Goddess of Reason, personifying secular virtue and enlightenment. Influenced by radical leader Pierre Gaspard Chaumette, this act replaced traditional religious symbols with revolutionary iconography. Festivals of Reason followed, featuring ceremonies in former churches now turned Temples of Reason. The proclamation reflected the Convention's goal to break from the Catholic Church and promote civic morality. Although short-lived, the cult of Reason symbolized the revolutionaries' ambition to reorder society and authority around rationalist ideals.
1793
Goddess of Reason
French Convention
Pierre Gaspard Chaumette
1898day.year
White supremacists seized power and massacred black Americans during the Wilmington massacre, the only instance of a municipal government being overthrown in United States history.
White supremacists overthrow Wilmington's government in 1898, massacring Black residents in the only successful coup d'etat in U.S. history.
On November 10, 1898, armed white mobs led by Democratic Party extremists attacked Black neighborhoods in Wilmington, North Carolina, and seized control of the city government. The Wilmington massacre resulted in the deaths of dozens of African American citizens and the forced exile of many more. This violent coup dismantled a legitimately elected biracial government and ushered in an era of Jim Crow segregation. The event sent shockwaves across the nation, revealing the lethal extent of racial and political tensions in the post-Reconstruction South. For decades, the massacre was suppressed in local histories but now stands recognized as a heinous chapter in American democracy.
1898
White supremacists
Wilmington massacre
1967day.year
The Nauru Independence Act 1967 passed the Parliament of Australia, giving independence to the UN Trust Territory of Nauru with effect from 31 January 1968.
Australia enacts the Nauru Independence Act, paving the way for Nauru's full sovereignty in 1968.
On November 10, 1967, the Parliament of Australia passed the Nauru Independence Act 1967.
The legislation formalized the transition of Nauru from a UN Trust Territory to an independent republic.
Under the Act, effective January 31, 1968, Nauru assumed full control over its government and resources.
This act marked the culmination of diplomatic negotiations between Australia, New Zealand, the UK, and Nauru.
Nauru's independence initiated a new era for its phosphate-rich island, shaping its national identity.
1967
Nauru Independence Act 1967
Parliament of Australia
Nauru
1975day.year
Treaty of Osimo between Yugoslavia and Italy
The Treaty of Osimo, signed on November 10, 1975, formalized the border agreement between Italy and Yugoslavia.
Signed in Osimo, Italy, in November 1975, the Treaty of Osimo settled long-standing disputes over the Free Territory of Trieste. The agreement divided the territory between Italy and Yugoslavia, clarifying sovereignty and border controls. It marked a diplomatic resolution after decades of tension following World War II. The treaty improved bilateral relations and eased cross-border movement in the region. Though controversial among some nationalists, it laid the groundwork for cooperation until the dissolution of Yugoslavia.
Treaty of Osimo
Yugoslavia
Italy
1975day.year
Israeli-Palestinian conflict: the United Nations General Assembly passes Resolution 3379, determining that Zionism is a form of racism.
On November 10, 1975, the UN General Assembly adopted Resolution 3379, controversially equating Zionism with racism.
In November 1975, the United Nations General Assembly passed Resolution 3379 amid intense debate over Israeli-Palestinian tensions. The measure labeled Zionism a form of racism and racial discrimination, reflecting a surge of support from non-aligned and Arab states. It heightened international controversy over the Middle East conflict and deepened divides within the UN. Israel and its allies condemned the resolution, which remained in effect until its revocation in 1991. The episode illustrated the complex interplay of geopolitics, decolonization, and Cold War alignments within the United Nations.
Israeli-Palestinian conflict
United Nations General Assembly
Resolution 3379
Zionism
racism
1989day.year
Longtime Bulgarian leader Todor Zhivkov is removed from office and replaced by Petar Mladenov.
In 1989, Bulgarian leader Todor Zhivkov was ousted and succeeded by Petar Mladenov, signaling a major shift away from communist rule.
After over 35 years in power, Todor Zhivkov was forced to step down amid widespread protests and pressure from reformist factions. His removal on November 10, 1989, marked one of the first cracks in the Eastern Bloc’s political order. Petar Mladenov, a reform-minded politician, took office with promises of liberalization and democratic change. This leadership change fueled momentum for political reforms across Bulgaria. The event foreshadowed the end of communist dominance in Eastern Europe. Public celebrations erupted as citizens hailed a new era of political freedom.
1989
Bulgarian
Todor Zhivkov
Petar Mladenov
1989day.year
Germans begin to tear down the Berlin Wall.
On November 10, 1989, Germans began dismantling the Berlin Wall, a historic step toward German reunification.
Following weeks of mounting public pressure and mass protests in East Germany, citizens flocked to the Berlin Wall and started tearing it down. The spontaneous demolition became a powerful symbol of the collapse of communist regimes across Eastern Europe. East and West Berliners celebrated together, chipping away concrete and barbed wire. The fall of the Wall paved the way for German reunification less than a year later. This moment remains one of the most iconic images of the end of the Cold War. International leaders hailed the event as a triumph for freedom and unity.
tear down
Berlin Wall