November 16

Trajano Boccalini (1556–1613) was an Italian author and educator famed for his satirical work 'Ragguagli di Parnaso'. He taught rhetoric at universities in Ferrara and Siena, earning a reputation for sharp wit. Boccalini used allegory to critique European courts and political figures. His writing blended humor with pointed moral and social commentary. He traveled widely, engaging with intellectual circles in France and England. Boccalini's fearless satire made him both celebrated and controversial in his era.

Pierre Nicole (1625-1695) was born in Rouen, France and became a prominent figure in the Jansenist movement. He studied theology and joined the Port-Royal Abbey, where he collaborated on influential philosophical works. Nicole co-authored the Port-Royal Logic, which became a classic text in logic and philosophy. His writings emphasized moral rigor and theological reflection, shaping French religious thought in the 17th century. Nicole's clear style and rigorous argumentation influenced later philosophers and theologians.

John Hawkesworth (1715-1773) was an influential English journalist, essayist, and editor. He was commissioned to edit and publish the journals of Captain James Cook, producing a multi-volume account of the voyages. Hawkesworth also wrote plays and essays, contributing to literary magazines and newspapers of his time. His detailed editorial work on exploration narratives brought the distant Pacific world to European readers. Despite controversies over editorial alterations, his publications shaped public interest in global exploration.

Donald C. Peattie earned his Ph.D. in plant ecology from the University of Chicago and served as curator at the Field Museum of Natural History in Chicago. He wrote influential works such as A Natural History of Trees and An Almanac for Moderns, blending scientific accuracy with poetic prose. Peattie traveled extensively across North America to document plant communities, seeking to raise public awareness of conservation and biodiversity. His vivid descriptions and essays introduced readers to the beauty and complexity of native plants, inspiring early environmental stewardship. Peattie also lectured at universities and botanical societies, advocating for the preservation of wild landscapes. His unique combination of scholarship and artistry set a standard for nature writing. Peattie’s legacy endures in both scientific literature and the genre of environmental literature.

Born in England, Alan Watts moved to the United States in the 1930s and began teaching Zen Buddhism, capturing wide interest with his engaging speaking style. He authored more than 25 books, including seminal works like 'The Way of Zen' and 'The Book on the Taboo Against Knowing Who You Are.' His radio broadcasts and recordings made complex philosophical ideas accessible to popular audiences. A pioneer in the countercultural movement, he explored topics from mysticism to human psychology. Watts’ legacy endures in the continued popularity of his writings and philosophical insights.

Trond Kirkvaag was born in 1946 in Oslo, Norway. He gained fame as a comedian and television personality, co-creating landmark sketch shows. Kirkvaag wrote and performed in popular programs like 'KLM' and 'MRK Fjærsynet,' shaping the landscape of Norwegian comedy. His intelligent humor and memorable characters influenced generations of performers. He won multiple awards for his writing and acting in film and television. Over a career spanning four decades, he remained a creative force until his death in 2007.

Vernon Scannell was born in 1922 in Leeds, England. After serving in World War II, he pursued professional boxing before turning to literature. He published multiple poetry collections acclaimed for their vivid portrayal of conflict and emotion. Scannell also wrote novels and memoirs, earning praise for his narrative skill and introspection. His contributions to poetry were recognized with awards such as the Cholmondeley Award. As a teacher, he inspired students with his passion for writing. Scannell continued to write and publish until his death in 2007.

Reg Varney was born in 1916 in Canning Town, East London. He rose to fame starring as bus driver Stan Butler in the popular BBC sitcom 'On the Buses' during the 1970s. Varney co-wrote and appeared in various comedy programs and feature films. His everyman charm and comedic timing made him a beloved figure on stage and screen. He also performed in theatre and pantomime across the UK. After retiring to Spain, he passed away in 2008, remembered fondly by fans as a television icon.

Louis D. Rubin, Jr. (1923–2013) was an American author, critic, and educator. He was a pioneer in the academic study of Southern literature, shaping its critical discourse. Rubin founded literary journals and directed university presses to promote emerging writers. His critical essays and books became foundational texts in American literary studies. As a professor, he mentored generations of students in creative writing and scholarly research. Rubin's leadership roles in literary organizations earned him widespread recognition. His passion for literature and scholarship left a lasting mark on American letters.

Charles Champlin was born in 1926 and became a leading film critic and arts editor at the Los Angeles Times. Over his four-decade career, he championed independent and foreign cinema, influencing generations of moviegoers. He authored several books on film history and hosted public television programs on cinema appreciation. Champlin co-founded the Los Angeles Film Critics Association and received numerous awards for his contributions. He remained active as a writer and speaker until his passing in 2014 at the age of 88.

Born in Belgrade in 1931, Jovan Ćirilov became one of Yugoslavia's most influential theatre figures. He served as dramaturge and artistic director at the Yugoslav Drama Theatre, elevating new dramatic works. Ćirilov founded and led the Belgrade International Theatre Festival (BITEF), bringing avant-garde performances to the region. A prolific poet, playwright and translator, he introduced Serbian audiences to global literary voices. He left a lasting legacy on Balkan culture before his death in 2014 at the age of 83.

Melvin Robert Laird was an American politician and writer who served eight terms in the U.S. House of Representatives from Wisconsin.\nHe was appointed the U.S. Secretary of Defense by President Richard Nixon, playing a key role in the Vietnam War drawdown and modernizing the armed forces.\nKnown for his 'Vietnamization' policy, he sought to transfer combat roles to South Vietnamese forces.\nAfter leaving government, Laird wrote widely on defense policy and national security, publishing memoirs and scholarly articles.\nHis legislative and diplomatic contributions influenced U.S. military strategy during a pivotal era of the Cold War.