November 19
Overview
Holidays & Observances
Christianfeast day:
Obadiah(Eastern Catholic Church), Raphael Kalinowski, Severinus, Exuperius, and Felician, November 19 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
A Christian feast day honoring the Prophet Obadiah, Saint Raphael Kalinowski, and the martyrs Severinus, Exuperius, and Felician, observed on November 19.
Day of Discovery of Puerto Rico(Puerto Rico)
Commemorates Christopher Columbus's arrival on the island of Puerto Rico on November 19, 1493.
Day of Missile Forces and Artillery(Russia,Belarus)
Honors the personnel of the missile forces and artillery branches of the Russian and Belarusian armed forces.
Flag Day (Brazil)
Celebrates the adoption of Brazil's national flag on November 19, 1889.
Garifuna Settlement Day(Belize)
Honors the arrival and cultural heritage of the Garifuna people in Belize, celebrated on November 19.
International Men's Day
Recognizes the positive contributions of men and boys to society and promotes gender equality on November 19.
Liberation Day(Mali)
Commemorates Mali's struggle for liberation and honors those who fought for the nation's freedom.
Martyrs' Day(Uttar Pradesh, India)
Honors the martyrs of Uttar Pradesh who laid down their lives in the pursuit of justice and freedom.
The Sovereign Prince's Day(Monaco)
Official celebration of Monaco's Sovereign Prince, observed annually on November 19.
Events
Libius Severus is declared emperor of the Western Roman Empire. The real power is in the hands of the magister militum Ricimer.
Libius Severus was proclaimed Western Roman Emperor, though true authority lay with the powerful military commander Ricimer.
The Rashidun Caliphate defeats the Sasanian Empire at the Battle of al-Qādisiyyah in Iraq.
The Rashidun Caliphate achieved a decisive victory over the Sasanian Empire at the Battle of al-Qādisiyyah in Iraq.
Christopher Columbus goes ashore on an island called Borinquen he first saw the day before. He names it San Juan Bautista (later renamed again Puerto Rico).
On his second voyage, Christopher Columbus landed on Borinquen, naming it San Juan Bautista, later known as Puerto Rico.
The United States and the Kingdom of Great Britain sign Jay's Treaty, which attempts to resolve some of the lingering problems left over from the American Revolutionary War.
The United States and Great Britain signed Jay's Treaty, aiming to resolve lingering issues from the Revolutionary War.
The Garinagu arrive at British Honduras (present-day Belize).
Members of the Garinagu community arrived in British Honduras, laying the foundations for modern Garifuna culture.
Finnish War: The Convention of Olkijoki in Raahe ends hostilities in Finland.
The Convention of Olkijoki ended hostilities in Finland during the Finnish War.
Warsaw University is established.
Warsaw University was founded, becoming a key center for higher learning in Poland.
The second Canadian railway line, the Montreal and Lachine Railroad, is opened.
Canada's second railway line, the Montreal and Lachine Railroad, began operations.
American Civil War: U.S. President Abraham Lincoln delivers the Gettysburg Address at the dedication ceremony for the military cemetery at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania.
President Abraham Lincoln delivered the Gettysburg Address, a defining moment in American history.
Births
Frederick I
Frederick I was a 15th-century German noble who served as Count Palatine of Simmern and bolstered his territory through strategic alliances and administrative reforms.
Emperor Go-Kashiwabara was the 104th emperor of Japan who ruled during the turbulent Muromachi period.
Pier Luigi Farnese
Pier Luigi Farnese was an Italian nobleman who became the first Duke of Parma and Piacenza under the authority of his father, Pope Paul III.
Robert Sidney
Robert Sidney, 1st Earl of Leicester, was an English nobleman renowned as both a politician and a poet in the late Elizabethan and Jacobean eras.
Charles I of England
Charles I was King of England, Scotland, and Ireland whose conflicts with Parliament sparked the English Civil War and led to his execution.
Lieuwe van Aitzema
Lieuwe van Aitzema was a Dutch historian and diplomat best known for his detailed accounts of European politics during the Thirty Years' War.
Eustache Le Sueur
Eustache Le Sueur was a French Baroque painter renowned for his elegant classical style and religious compositions.
Jean-Antoine Nollet
Jean-Antoine Nollet was a French clergyman and physicist who pioneered experimental studies in electricity during the Enlightenment.
Mikhail Lomonosov
Mikhail Lomonosov was a Russian polymath whose work in chemistry, physics, and literature laid the foundations of Russia's scientific tradition.
Deaths
Pope Gelasius I led the Catholic Church from 492 until his death in 496, asserting the supreme authority of the papacy and shaping early medieval church governance.
Pope Anastasius II led the Catholic Church from 496 to 498, remembered for his efforts to reconcile the Western and Eastern Churches during the Acacian Schism.
Yan Keqiu
Yan Keqiu served as chief strategist during China's Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, advising rulers on military and political affairs.
Theodoric II
Theodoric II was Margrave of Lower Lusatia in the early 11th century, overseeing and defending the Holy Roman Empire's eastern frontier.
Malik-Shah I
Malik-Shah I was the Seljuk Sultan from 1072 to 1092, under whose rule the empire reached a golden age of political power and cultural flourishing.
Pedro Gallego
Pedro Gallego was a 13th-century Franciscan friar and scholar, noted for integrating Aristotelian philosophy with Christian theology.
Rudolf I
Rudolf I was Margrave of Baden-Baden from the mid-13th century until his death in 1288, playing a key role in southwestern German politics.
Mechtilde
Mechtilde of Hackeborn was a German Benedictine mystic and saint known for her visionary writings in medieval devotional literature.
Raoul II of Brienne
Raoul II of Brienne was a 14th-century French noble and soldier who served as Count of Eu and Constable of France during the early Hundred Years' War.