587day.year
Treaty of Andelot: King Guntram of Burgundy recognizes Childebert II as his heir.
The Treaty of Andelot secured Childebert II’s recognition as heir to the Burgundian throne under King Guntram.
On 11 November 587, King Guntram of Burgundy formally recognized his young nephew Childebert II as his heir under the Treaty of Andelot. This agreement ended years of dynastic uncertainty within the Merovingian realm and strengthened political alliances in Gaul. The treaty defined shared responsibilities for defending Burgundian territories and provided stipulations for territorial succession. It marked a significant consolidation of royal power and set precedents for later medieval inheritance treaties. Childebert II would go on to inherit Burgundy and Austrasia, shaping the early Carolingian era’s political landscape.
587
Treaty of Andelot
Guntram
Burgundy
Childebert II
936day.year
Shi Jingtang is enthroned as the first emperor of the Later Jin by Emperor Taizong of Liao, following a revolt against Emperor Fei of Later Tang.
Shi Jingtang was installed as the first emperor of Later Jin under the sponsorship of the Liao dynasty after overthrowing the Later Tang.
On 11 November 936, Shi Jingtang ascended the throne as the inaugural emperor of the Later Jin thanks to military support from Emperor Taizong of the Liao dynasty. His revolt against the Later Tang led to a realignment of power in northern China, establishing the Later Jin as a new regime. The enthronement ceremony highlighted the intricate diplomacy between the Khitan Liao and the Shatuo Turks, who backed Shi’s claim. This event marked the beginning of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period’s complex interplay of alliances and rivalries. Shi’s reign would shape regional politics and set the stage for future dynastic transitions in the Chinese heartland.
936
Shi Jingtang
Later Jin
Emperor Taizong of Liao
Emperor Fei
Later Tang
1443day.year
Skanderbeg and his forces liberate Kruja in central Albania and raise the Albanian flag.
Albanian hero Skanderbeg reclaimed the fortress of Kruja and raised the Albanian flag in a bold act of resistance.
On 11 November 1443, George Kastrioti Skanderbeg led a daring strike against the Ottoman garrison at the fortress of Kruja, liberating the key stronghold in central Albania. He hoisted the red Albanian flag atop the battlements, symbolizing national unity and defiance against Ottoman domination. This bold move sparked a protracted rebellion, rallying disparate Albanian clans to Skanderbeg’s cause. His guerrilla tactics and mastery of terrain would frustrate Ottoman forces for decades. Kruja became the epicenter of Albanian resistance and a lasting emblem of indigenous struggle for independence.
1443
Skanderbeg
Kruja
Albania
Albanian flag
1470day.year
Champa–Đại Việt War: Emperor Lê Thánh Tông of Đại Việt formally launches his attack against Champa.
Emperor Lê Thánh Tông launched a decisive offensive against Champa, reshaping the political map of Southeast Asia.
On 11 November 1470, Emperor Lê Thánh Tông of Đại Việt ordered a full-scale invasion of the neighboring kingdom of Champa, igniting the Champa–Đại Việt War. The well-organized Đại Việt forces employed advanced military tactics and artillery to breach Cham defenses swiftly. Within months, Lê Thánh Tông’s army captured key coastal fortresses, leading to the eventual annexation of central regions. This campaign ended centuries of conflict along Vietnam’s central coast and integrated Cham territories into Đại Việt. The victory ushered in a period of cultural exchange and territorial expansion, laying foundations for a unified Vietnamese state.
1470
Champa–Đại Việt War
Lê Thánh Tông
Đại Việt
Champa
1520day.year
After 38 days, an expedition under the command of Ferdinand Magellan completes the first passage through the Strait of Magellan and enters the Pacific Ocean.
Ferdinand Magellan’s expedition achieved the first navigation through the treacherous Strait of Magellan into the Pacific Ocean.
On 11 November 1520, after 38 grueling days of navigation, Ferdinand Magellan’s fleet succeeded in traversing the narrow southern passage later named the Strait of Magellan. This route, carved by unpredictable winds and violent currents at the tip of South America, linked the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans for the first time. The passage opened a new western maritime corridor to Asia, revolutionizing global trade routes. Magellan’s sailors endured starvation, disease, and mutinies before emerging into the vast Pacific. Their accomplishment expanded the horizons of European exploration and underscored the perils of early seafaring ventures.
1520
Ferdinand Magellan
Strait of Magellan
1582day.year
In Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare and Anne Hathaway pay a £40 (equivalent to £14,557 in 2023) bond in lieu of posting wedding banns, which enables them to marry immediately.
William Shakespeare and Anne Hathaway paid a hefty bond to marry without the customary banns in Stratford-upon-Avon.
On 11 November 1582, William Shakespeare and his bride Anne Hathaway bypassed the traditional three-week posting of wedding banns by posting a £40 bond in Stratford-upon-Avon. This sizeable sum allowed an immediate marriage license, reflecting social and legal customs of Elizabethan England. The union joined Shakespeare to a local family of farmers and may have influenced his later depictions of rural life. Although documentation of their ceremony is sparse, this event marks a pivotal moment in the playwright’s personal history. Scholars continue to examine the marriage’s impact on Shakespeare’s work and its reflection of 16th-century matrimonial practices.
1582
Stratford-upon-Avon
William Shakespeare
Anne Hathaway
wedding banns
1627day.year
The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Navy has its greatest and last naval victory in the Battle of Oliwa.
The Polish–Lithuanian fleet won a decisive victory at the Battle of Oliwa, its greatest naval triumph.
On 11 November 1627, the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Navy achieved its most significant success at the Battle of Oliwa near Gdańsk Bay. Facing a superior Swedish naval force, Commonwealth sailors executed daring maneuvers and captured enemy vessels, showcasing skilled seamanship. The victory disrupted Swedish control of the Baltic Sea and boosted morale within the Commonwealth’s maritime ranks. Although this triumph did not end the conflicts of the Thirty Years’ War, it remains a celebrated highlight of Poland-Lithuania’s naval history. The engagement underscored the strategic importance of sea power in 17th-century Northern Europe.
1627
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Navy
Battle of Oliwa
1660day.year
At Gresham College, twelve men, including Christopher Wren, Robert Boyle, John Wilkins, and Sir Robert Moray decide to found what is later known as the Royal Society.
A gathering at Gresham College set the stage for the founding of the Royal Society of London.
On 11 November 1660, twelve scholars and natural philosophers met at Gresham College in London, including Christopher Wren, Robert Boyle, John Wilkins, and Sir Robert Moray. Their discussions laid the groundwork for a formal society dedicated to experimental science and knowledge sharing. With royal patronage secured shortly thereafter, this group evolved into the Royal Society, one of the first institutions to promote empirical research. The Society’s founding marked a turning point in the Scientific Revolution, fostering collaboration across disciplines. Its model of peer-reviewed publication and public lectures remains central to modern scientific practice.
1660
Gresham College
Christopher Wren
Robert Boyle
John Wilkins
Robert Moray
Royal Society
1666day.year
At least 3,000 men of the Royal Scots Army led by Tam Dalyell of the Binns defeat about 900 Covenanter insurgents led by James Wallace of Auchens in the Battle of Rullion Green.
The Royal Scots Army crushed Covenanter rebels at the Battle of Rullion Green in the Pentland Hills.
On 11 November 1666, Tam Dalyell of the Binns commanded a force of around 3,000 Royal Scots soldiers against approximately 900 Covenanter insurgents at Rullion Green. Despite fierce resistance, the royal troops leveraged superior artillery and cavalry to secure a decisive victory. This clash ended the Pentland Rising, a brief but intense revolt against King Charles II’s imposition of episcopal church governance. In the aftermath, harsh reprisals included executions and transportations of captured rebels. The battle highlighted the deep religious and political tensions that would continue to shape Scottish history throughout the Stuart period.
1666
Royal Scots Army
Tam Dalyell of the Binns
Covenanter
James Wallace of Auchens
Battle of Rullion Green
1785day.year
The first Treaty of Hopewell is signed, by which the United States acknowledges Cherokee lands in what is now East Tennessee.
The United States signed the first Treaty of Hopewell, recognizing Cherokee territorial rights in East Tennessee.
On 11 November 1785, negotiators from the United States and the Cherokee Nation finalized the first Treaty of Hopewell at a frontier post in South Carolina. The agreement formally recognized Cherokee sovereignty over lands in present-day East Tennessee and established boundaries for future relations. Intended to secure peace on the expanding American frontier, the treaty set provisions for trade, legal jurisdiction, and mutual obligations. Despite its diplomatic intentions, continued settler encroachment and differing interpretations led to further conflicts and treaty revisions. The Treaty of Hopewell remains a foundational document in the history of US-Native American relations and frontier policy.
1785
Treaty of Hopewell
Cherokee
East Tennessee
1798day.year
Trade between the United States and modern-day Uruguay begins when John Leamy's frigate John arrives in Montevideo.
In 1798, American merchant John Leamy’s frigate John reached Montevideo, inaugurating direct trade between the United States and the Río de la Plata region.
In late 1798, American merchant John Leamy dispatched his frigate John from Philadelphia to Montevideo, marking the beginning of direct commerce with the Río de la Plata region. At the time, Uruguay remained under Spanish colonial rule, making this voyage a bold step beyond European trade monopolies. The expedition carried textiles, hardware, and other US manufactured goods, while returning with local hides, silver, and agricultural produce. Leamy’s success demonstrated the growing commercial ambitions of the young United States on the global stage. This pioneering endeavor laid the groundwork for deeper diplomatic and economic ties between the two nations. Though modest in scale, the mission signaled a shift toward more independent American engagement in South American markets.
1798
John Leamy
Montevideo
1811day.year
Beethoven's Piano Concerto No. 5 in E-flat major, Op. 73, premieres at the Gewandhaus in Leipzig.
Beethoven’s ‘Emperor’ Piano Concerto No. 5 debuted at Leipzig’s Gewandhaus in 1811, unveiling one of his most majestic and virtuosic works.
On November 28, 1811, Ludwig van Beethoven’s Piano Concerto No. 5 in E-flat major, Op. 73, received its first public performance at the Gewandhaus in Leipzig. Dubbed the 'Emperor' Concerto, the work exemplified Beethoven’s mature style with its grand scale, innovative orchestration, and heroic spirit. Soloist Friedrich Schneider collaborated with the composer to refine the demanding piano part, setting a new standard for virtuosic concerto repertoire. The Leipzig audience responded with enthusiasm to the concerto’s bold opening chords and expansive cadenza. Over the next decades, the work would become a cornerstone of the Romantic concerto tradition. Its premiere marked a high point in Beethoven’s career and influenced countless composers who followed.
1811
Beethoven
Piano Concerto No. 5 in E-flat major, Op. 73
Gewandhaus
Leipzig