November 29

Born in 1824 in Barcelona, Spain. He emerged as a leading advocate of federalism and republicanism in mid-19th century Spain. Pi i Margall authored influential works on political theory, emphasizing decentralization and social justice. In 1873, he became President of the Executive Power of the First Spanish Republic, implementing progressive reforms. His presidency faced political turmoil and he resigned after a few months under conservative opposition. Margall continued to write and promote federalist ideas until his death in 1901. He is remembered as a key intellectual figure in Spanish republican history.