November 29

The Battle of Swally occurred on November 29, 1612, as the English East India Company fleet clashed with Portuguese naval forces near Surat. Despite Portugal's long-standing maritime dominance, the English secured a tactical victory in the Arabian Sea. This naval engagement eroded the Portuguese Empire's monopoly on Indian Ocean trade. The outcome opened the door for the English East India Company to expand its commercial foothold in India. It marked a turning point in European competition for Asian spice and textile markets. The battle exemplified the growing importance of joint-stock companies in global commerce.

On November 29, 1972, Atari introduced Pong, one of the earliest arcade video games, at a local bar in Sunnyvale, California. Designed by Allan Alcorn, the simple electronic table-tennis simulation quickly captivated players with its intuitive gameplay and competitive appeal. Pong's commercial success validated coin-operated gaming as a lucrative entertainment medium and sparked the birth of a new industry. The game's popularity led to the creation of home console versions and inspired countless developers to innovate in game design and hardware. Pong remains an iconic milestone in technological history and the forerunner of today's global video game market.